Survey
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
SCHIZOPHRENIA By: La’Vel Carter WHAT IS SCHIZOPHRENIA? • Schizophrenia is a disorder with a range of symptoms involving disturbances in contents. (thought, form of thought, perception, affect, sense of self, motivation, behavior, and interpersonal functioning.) • This disorder was first discovered by a French physician, Benedict Morel, and systematically defined by German psychiatrist Emil Kraepelin. CONTINUE • A Swiss psychologist Eugen Bleuler believed that there was four fundamental features of the disorder that he identified which were referred to as the 4 A’s, and are still used: • Association: thought disorder. Rambling and incoherent speech. • Affect: expressing emotion. Laughter in a sad situation. • Ambivalence: inability to make or follow through with decision. • Autism: the tendency to maintain an idiosyncratic style or egocentric thought and behavior. ASSOCIATED FEATURES • There are 5 types of Schizophrenia: • Catatonic type • Disorganized type • Paranoid type • Undifferentiated type ASSOCIATED FEATURES • Catatonic Type- People with this type of schizophrenia have a condition that is characterized by psychomotor disturbance. • Disorganized type- These people tend to have disorganized speech, disturbed behavior, and flat or inappropriate affect. • Paranoid Type- These people are preoccupied with frequent auditory hallucinations or with one or more delusions. • Undifferentiated Type- These people are different and have multiple symptoms. They can’t be defined. • Residual Type- These people have at least one episode of schizophrenia but currently lack prominent positive symptoms. ETIOLOGY • Many environmental factors may be involved such as exposed to viruses or mutations before birth, problems during birth, and other not known psychological factors. • Also different brain chemistry and structure imbalance in the complex interrelated chemical reactions of the brain involving the neurotransmitters dopamine and glutamate and possibly others. ETIOLOGY • The way one can get this disorder are by genes and environment. (If it runs in the family the illness occurs in 1 percent of the general population but it occur in 10 percent of people who have a first degree relative with the disorder such as parent, brother, sister.) • People who have second degree relatives with the disease also develop it more often than the general population. PREVALENCE • This disorder is very common in the U.S. • It is known as a illness called “psychosis” that is can’t tell the difference between what is real from what is imagined. Not the same as split personality. • About 1% of the people in the U.S. will develop it. • Any human being can get this disorder. Men often begins in teens or 20s. Women it often begins in 20s and 30s. TREATMENT • The main type of treatment is for this is counseling and medicines to lesson or stop psychotic symptoms. • Medicines will control the psychotic outbreaks most of the time. • Medicines need to be taken regularly even though symptoms are no longer showing. Patients are not to stop unless told to do so by their doctor. PROGNOSIS • Some patients may have only one episode and recover, but majority remain ill and unable to work for life. • This disorder use up about 2.5% of the U.S. healthcare. • 45% recover after one or more episodes. • 20% show constant symptoms, and increasing disability. • 35% display mixed pattern with varying degrees of improvement or deterioration. REFERENCES DISCUSSION QUESTION • Do you think someone with this disorder should be able to get a regular American job? • Do you think these people should be hospitalized or watched, or should be able to live alone? QUIZ QUESTIONS • 1. According to the Swiss psychologist Eugen Bleuler what are the four fundamental features of the disorder? (4 A’s) • 2. What is the other name for this disorder? • 3. What are the treatments for this disorder and describe how it helps.