Download Step Up To: Psychology

Step Up To:
Discovering Psychology
by John J. Schulte, Psy.D.
From: Hockenbury & Hockenbury
Discovering Psychology 4e
Worth Publishers (2007)
Chapter 13: Psychological Disorders
Moody Blues
Me, Nervous?
What’s abnormal?
You’ve got
Personality
Did you hear it, too?
What’s abnormal?
500
400
300
200
100
Me, Nervous?
500
400
300
200
100
Moody Blues
500
400
300
200
100
You’ve got Personality
500
400
300
200
100
Did you hear it, too?
500
400
300
200
100
1. In order for behavior to be
considered a psychological disorder, it
must either:
• A) be out of the ordinary or dangerous.
• B) make others uncomfortable or put
them at risk.
• C) put them at risk to harm
themselves or to harm others.
• D) cause distress or impair
functioning.
2. The book that officially classifies all
the different psychological disorders is
the:
•
•
•
•
A) APA-Dx.
B) DSM-IV-TR.
C) ICD-10.
D) NCS.
3. According to an NCS study, the
lifetime prevalence of psychological
disorders is about:
•
•
•
•
A) 30%.
B) 20%.
C) 40%.
D) 50%.
4. The NCS found that women had a
higher prevalence of ___ disorders
and men had a higher prevalence of
___ disorders.
•
•
•
•
A) anxiety; substance abuse
B) anxiety; depression
C) depression; anxiety
D) substance abuse; antisocial
personality
5. Which of these is an important
qualification for a psychological
disorder?
• A) There must be suffering.
• B) It depends on the prevailing
culture.
• C) There must be suffering and it
must impair the ability to function.
• D) It must be rare.
6. Normal anxiety is different from
pathological anxiety in that for it to be a
disorder:
•
•
•
•
A) it must be irrational.
B) it is uncontrollable.
C) it is disruptive.
D) all of the above must be true.
7. Generalized anxiety disorder is
sometimes referred to as:
•
•
•
•
A) acute stress disorder.
B) chronic stress disorder.
C) free-floating anxiety.
D) nonspecific target anxiety.
8. According to the cognitivebehavioral theory of panic disorder,
people with panic disorder:
• A) always experience anxiety when they
face the same situation.
• B) misinterpret the physical signs of
arousal.
• C) have flashbacks to an earlier
stressful event.
• D) have regularly predicted panic
attacks.
9.
Agoraphobia is:
• A) fear of the marketplace.
• B) fear of experiencing a panic
attack.
• C) fear of spiders.
• D) fear of heights.
10. John mentally counts whenever he
is out in public. This is an example of:
•
•
•
•
A) a specific phobia.
B) a panic attack.
C) an obsession.
D) a compulsion.
11. Which of the following would not
be an example of Major Depression?
• A) Bob, who does not make eye contact
and feels hopeless
• B) Jamie, who is preoccupied with death
• C) Steve, who can’t sleep because his
father died a couple days ago
• D) Mary, who has had a loss of
appetite and can’t stop crying
12. Without treatment, those who
have been through one episode of
Major Depression:
• A) have a 50% chance of having
another episode.
• B) are unlikely to have another
occurrence in at least 5 years.
• C) learn to cope with their
depression.
• D) usually commit suicide within
the next year.
13. Jim asks, “What’s wrong with mania? If
it is the opposite of depression, that sounds
great.” You tell Jim a major problem that
individuals with mania experience is:
• A) they just want more and more
excitement.
• B) grandiosity removes all limits on
their thoughts and behavior.
• C) they ignore pain and just feel
great.
• D) happiness is not in perspective
to what is going on around them.
14. ___ is to Major Depression as ___ is to
Bipolar Disorder.
•
•
•
•
A) sadness; happiness
B) acute; chronic
C) dysthymia; cyclothymia
D) cyclothymia; dysthymia
15. The drug lithium is usually the drug
of choice for bipolar disorder because it
regulates:
•
•
•
•
A) norepinephrine.
B) serotonin.
C) stress hormones.
D) glutamate.
16. This personality disorder lacks control
over impulses and is most likely to harm
his/her self.
•
•
•
•
A) multiple personality disorder
B) antisocial personality disorder
C) paranoid personality disorder
D) borderline personality disorder
17. Showing little or no remorse, the
person with ___ personality disorder will
frequently deceive or manipulate others
for his/her own personal gain.
•
•
•
•
A) borderline
B) paranoid
C) antisocial
D) histrionic
18. Those with antisocial personality
disorder have met the criteria for another
disorder in childhood or adolescence, and
that disorder is:
•
•
•
•
A) paranoid personality disorder.
B) conduct disorder.
C) schizophrenia.
D) drug abuse.
19. In this disorder, the individual will have
many alter egos, holding separate
memories, emotions, and motives.
•
•
•
•
A) multiple personality disorder
B) dissociative identity disorder
C) dissociative fugue
D) schizophrenia
20. Researchers have a problem with the
“traumatic memory” explanation of
dissociative identity disorder because:
• A) just the opposite effect occurs in
most trauma victims.
• B) most DID patients do not report
early abuse.
• C) trauma victims usually repress
memories but do not develop DID.
• D) none of the above are true.
21. A false belief that is strongly held
in spite of contradictory evidence is:
•
•
•
•
A) a leap of faith.
B) a hallucination.
C) a delusion.
D) disorganized thinking.
22. The most common type of false
perceptions in schizophrenia are:
•
•
•
•
A) delusions of grandeur.
B) visual hallucinations.
C) disorganized thinking.
D) auditory hallucinations.
23. Lack of emotional expression
demonstrated by schizophrenic individuals
is called:
•
•
•
•
A) alogia.
B) avolition.
C) flat affect.
D) delusions.
24. Waxy flexibility is a symptom found in:
•
•
•
•
A) catatonic schizophrenia.
B) disorganized schizophrenia.
C) paranoid schizophrenia.
D) hebephrenic schizophrenia.
25. The fact that amphetamines and
cocaine produce schizophrenia-like
symptoms gives support for the ____
explanation of the cause of schizophrenia.
•
•
•
•
A) frontal lobe
B) dopamine hypothesis
C) loss of gray matter
D) viral infection theory
Stop here, or continue as a review
1. In order for behavior to be
considered a psychological disorder, it
must either:
• A) be out of the ordinary or dangerous.
• B) make others uncomfortable or put
them at risk.
• C) put them at risk to harm
themselves or to harm others.
• D) cause distress or impair
functioning.
507
2. The book that officially classifies all
the different psychological disorders is
the:
•
•
•
•
A) APA-Dx.
B) DSM-IV-TR.
C) ICD-10.
D) NCS.
509
3. According to an NCS study, the
lifetime prevalence of psychological
disorders is about:
•
•
•
•
A) 30%.
B) 20%.
C) 40%.
D) 50%.
510
4. The NCS found that women had a
higher prevalence of ___ disorders
and men had a higher prevalence of
___ disorders.
•
•
•
•
A) anxiety; substance abuse
B) anxiety; depression
C) depression; anxiety
D) substance abuse; antisocial
personality
510
5.
Which of these is an important
qualification for a psychological
disorder?
• A) There must be suffering.
• B) It depends on the prevailing
culture.
• C) There must be suffering and it
must impair the ability to function.
• D) It must be rare.
507
6. Normal anxiety is different from
pathological anxiety in that for it to be a
disorder:
•
•
•
•
A) it must be irrational.
B) it is uncontrollable.
C) it is disruptive.
D) all of the above must be true.
512
7. Generalized anxiety disorder is
sometimes referred to as:
•
•
•
•
A) acute stress disorder.
B) chronic stress disorder.
C) free-floating anxiety.
D) nonspecific target anxiety.
512
8. According to the cognitivebehavioral theory of panic disorder,
people with panic disorder:
• A) always experience anxiety when they
face the same situation.
• B) misinterpret the physical signs of
arousal.
• C) have flashbacks to an earlier
stressful event.
• D) have regularly predicted panic
513
attacks.
9.
Agoraphobia is:
• A) fear of the marketplace.
• B) fear of experiencing a panic
attack.
• C) fear of spiders.
• D) fear of heights.
515
10. John mentally counts whenever he is
out in public. This is an example of:
•
•
•
•
A) a specific phobia.
B) a panic attack.
C) an obsession.
D) a compulsion.
507
11. Which of the following would not
be an example of Major Depression?
• A) Bob, who does not make eye contact
and feels hopeless
• B) Jamie, who is preoccupied with death
• C) Steve, who can’t sleep because his
father died a couple days ago
• D) Mary, who has had a loss of
appetite and can’t stop crying
521
12. Without treatment, those who
have been through one episode of
Major Depression:
• A) have a 50% chance of having
another episode.
• B) are unlikely to have another
occurrence in at least 5 years.
• C) learn to cope with their
depression.
• D) usually commit suicide within
the next year.
13. Jim asks, “What’s wrong with mania? If
it is the opposite of depression, that sounds
great.” You tell Jim a major problem that
individuals with mania experience is:
• A) they just want more and more
excitement.
• B) grandiosity removes all limits on their
thoughts and behavior.
• C) they ignore pain and just feel
great.
• D) happiness is not in perspective
to what is going on around them.
523
14. ___ is to Major Depression as ___ is to
Bipolar Disorder.
•
•
•
•
A) sadness; happiness
B) acute; chronic
C) dysthymia; cyclothymia
D) cyclothymia; dysthymia
15. The drug lithium is usually the drug
of choice for bipolar disorder because it
regulates:
•
•
•
•
A) norepinephrine.
B) serotonin.
C) stress hormones.
D) glutamate.
525
16. This personality disorder lacks control
over impulses and is most likely to harm
his/her self.
• A) multiple personality disorder
• B) antisocial personality
disorder
• C) paranoid personality
disorder
• D) borderline personality
disorder
529
17. Showing little or no remorse, the
person with ___ personality disorder will
frequently deceive or manipulate others
for his/her own personal gain.
•
•
•
•
A) borderline
B) paranoid
C) antisocial
D) histrionic
528
18. Those with antisocial personality
disorder have met the criteria for another
disorder in childhood or adolescence, and
that disorder is:
•
•
•
•
A) paranoid personality disorder.
B) conduct disorder.
C) schizophrenia.
D) drug abuse.
529
19. In this disorder, the individual will have
many alter egos, holding separate
memories, emotions, and motives.
•
•
•
•
A) multiple personality disorder
B) dissociative identity disorder
C) dissociative fugue
D) schizophrenia
531
20. Researchers have a problem with the
“traumatic memory” explanation of
dissociative identity disorder because:
• A) just the opposite effect occurs in
most trauma victims.
• B) most DID patients do not report
early abuse.
• C) trauma victims usually repress
memories but do not develop DID.
• D) none of the above are true.
532
21. A false belief that is strongly held
in spite of contradictory evidence is:
•
•
•
•
A) a leap of faith.
B) a hallucination.
C) a delusion.
D) disorganized thinking.
533
22. The most common type of false
perceptions in schizophrenia are:
•
•
•
•
A) delusions of grandeur.
B) visual hallucinations.
C) disorganized thinking.
D) auditory hallucinations.
534
23. Lack of emotional expression shown
in schizophrenia is called:
•
•
•
•
A) alogia.
B) avolition.
C) flat affect.
D) delusions.
534
24. Waxy flexibility is a symptom found in:
•
•
•
•
A) catatonic schizophrenia.
B) disorganized schizophrenia.
C) paranoid schizophrenia.
D) hebephrenic schizophrenia.
536
25. The fact that amphetamines and
cocaine produce schizophrenia-like
symptoms gives support for the ____
explanation of the cause of schizophrenia.
•
•
•
•
A) frontal lobe
B) dopamine hypothesis
C) loss of gray matter
D) viral infection theory
540
Acknowledgments
• Step Up Created by:
John J. Schulte, Psy.D.
• Based on Discovering
Psychology 4e by
Hockenbury & Hockenbury
• Worth Publishers, 2007
Answers
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
D
B
D
A
B
D
C
B
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
B
D
C
A
B
C
D
D
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
C
B
B
A
C
D
C
A
25. B