Download Major arteries

Aorta : 
Its parts: 
Ascending. 
Arch: 
L. Common carotid artery.
L.Subclavian artery. 
Brachiocephalic trunk. 
Common Crotid artery: 
External carotid artery. 
Internal carotid artery. 

Descending Thoracic Aorta 
Arteries of Upper limb: 
Axillaray, Brachial, Radial, Ulnar , Palmar
arches.
Arteries of Lower limb: 
Femoral, Popliteal, Anterior & Posterior 
tibial &Dorsalis pedis.
Abdominal aorta: 
levels of origin & bifurcation: 
Branches : 
Anterior Visceral (Celiac trunk, Sup. 
Mesenteric & Inf. Mesenteric)
Lateral Visceral (Renal, Suprarenal, 
Gonadal)

Common Iliac artery : 
External Iliac (to L.L) 
Internal Iliac (to pelvis) 
Arterial Anastomosis: 
Main sites (upper & lower limbs)
Sites of arterial Pulsations. 

It is the Largest and the 
Main arterial trunk of the
body.
It issues from: 
The Left ventricle of the 
heart.
Different parts of the 
aorta are named
according to:
Their location or Shape. 
ASCENDING
ARCH
DES.
DES.
THOR. ABDOM.
It arises from: 
Base of Left Ventricle. 
At the level of Sernal 
Angle (2ND costal
cartilage):
It becomes continuous 
with Arch of Aorta.
At its root: 
The Right & Left 
Coronary Arteries arise
from the Aortic Sinuses.
It lies: 
Behind the Manubrium.
It is to the left of the 
trachea.
It becomes continuous
with the Descending
Thoracic Aorta
(opposite the sternal
angle).


L.SUB
BRACHIOCEPHALIC
CLAVIAN
L. COMMON
CAROTID
Right CCA arises from : 
Brachiocephalic Trunk. 
Left CCA arises from : 
Arch of Aorta. 
The Common Carotid
artery terminates (at
Upper Border of
Thyroid Cartilage)
into two arteries:
External Carotid. 
Internal Carotid. 

SCALP
SUPERFICIAL
TEMPORAL
A
FACE
FACIAL
A
MAXILLA
MAXILLARY
A
GLANDS
THYROID
A.
TONGUE
LINGUAL
A.
The ECA terminates 
behind the Mandible.
It divides into Two
Terminal branches:
Superficial temporal 
artery.
Maxillary artery. 
It gives off NO
branches in the
Neck.
It enters the 
Cranial Cavity.

NOSE
&
SCALP
BRAIN
EYE
Right artery arises 
from :
Brachiocephalic Trunk . 
Left artery arises from 
Arch of Aorta. 
Vertebral artery
to
CNS. 
Internal thoracic
artery to :
Mammary 
gland& &
Thoracic wall. 


It becomes: 
The Axillary 
artery at the
Lateral Border of
the first rib.
It is the Source 
of the arterial
supply of the U.L
AXILLARY. 
BRACHIAL. 
RADIAL. 
ULNAR. 
Palmar Arches
(Superficial &
Deep).

It passes through the 
Axilla.
Termination : 
At the middle of the 
Humerus :
It becomes the Brachial
artery.

It descends close to 
the medial border of
the Humerus.
It passes in front of 
the elbow (Cubital
Fossa).
At the level of Neck of
Radius:
It divides into its two
terminal branches :
Radial. 
Ulnar. 


Ulnar artery : 
It is the larger 
terminal branch.
Radial artery: 
The smaller terminal
branch.
In the hand : 
They form: 
Superficial and Deep
Palmar Arches.

It is the continuation of
the Arch of the Aorta.
At the level of the 12th 
thoracic vertebra:
It passes through the 
Diaphragm to be
continuous with the
Abdominal Aorta.

It gives the following
arteries :
Pericardial. 
Esophageal. 
Bronchial. 
Posterior intercostal.


It enters the 
abdomen through the
Aortic opening of the
diaphragm.
At the level of L4: 
It divides into two 
terminal branches :
Right & Left Common
Iliac arteries.

INFERIOR
MESENTERIC -CELIAC TRUNK
SUPERIOR
MESENTERIC
LIVER &
STOMACH
PANCREAS
SPLEEN
LARGE
INTESTINE
PANCREAS
SMALL
INTESTINE
ANAL
CANAL
LARGE
INTESTINE
RECTUM
GONADAL
(TESTICULAR
OR
OVARIAN)
SUPRA
RENAL
RENAL
It divides in 
front of
Sacroiliac Joint
into two arteries:
External iliac (to
lower limb).
Internal iliac (to
pelvis).


UTERUS
&
VAGINA
PELVIC RECTUM
WALLS
&
URINARY
&
ANAL
BLADDER
PERINEUMCANAL
It is the Source of 
arterial supply to the
Lower limb.
It passes under the 
Inguinal Ligament.
It becomes 
Femoral artery. 
FEMORAL
POSTERIOR
ANTERIOR
POPLIT
TIBIAL
TIBIAL
It lies: 
In the anterior compartment
of the thigh in a
Sheath with the Femoral Vein.
It ends : 
At the lower end of the femur
by entering the Popliteal
space.



In the Popliteal 
Fossa:
It is deeply placed. 
It divides into: 
Anterior & Posterior
Tibial Arteries.
It is the smaller 
terminal branch.
It becomes 
Superficial in its
lower part .
It continues to the 
dorsum of foot:
As the Dorsalis Pedis
artery.

It continues to the 
Sole of the Foot.
It is the main 
source of its arterial
supply.
Definition: 
It is the joining of
branches of
arteries supplying
adjacent areas.
Anatomic end 
arteries:
Their terminal 
branches Do Not
anastomose with
branches of
adjacent arteries.

In the UPPER LIMB: 
Scapular 
Anastomosis
Between branches 
of:
Subclavian & 
Axillary.
Around the Elbow: 
Brachial & 
Radial and Ulnar. 
In the LOWER LIMB:
Trochanteric . 
Cruciate . 
They provide 
anastomosis
between:
Internal iliac 
& 
Femoral. 

Superficial 
Temporal Pulse:
In front of the Ear. 
Facial Pulse: 
At the Lower border
of the Mandible.
Carotid Pulse: 
At the Upper Border
of Thyroid
Cartilage.


Subclavian 
Pulse:
As it crosses the
.
1st Rib.
Radial Pulse: 
In front of the 
Distal End of the
Radius.

Femoral artery: 
Midway between 
ASI spine &
Symphysis pubis.
Popliteal artery: 
In the depths of 
popliteal fossa.
Dorsalis pedis 
artery:
In front of ankle 
(between the two
malleoli).
1. Descending thoracic aorta: 
A. Gives bronchial branches. 
B. Gives branches to the heart. 
C. Has no branches. 
D. Arises from the base of left ventricle.
2. The branches of the arch of aorta are:
A. Left subclavian. 
B. Right subclavian. 
C. Right coronary. 
D. Left coronary. 


3.Superior mesenteric artery supplies: 
A. Stomach. 
B. Jujenum and ileum. 
C. Rectum. 
D. Spleen. 
4. Reduced blood supply to the muscles of the
anterior compartment of the thigh could be
due to injury of:
A. Femoral artery. 
B. Popliteal artery. 
C. Dorsalis pedis artery. 
D. Anterior tibial artery. 

5. Pulsations felt at the lower border of the
mandible are in :
A. Superficial temporal artery. 
B. Common carotid artery. 
C.Maxillary artery. 
D. Facial artery. 
6. The internal iliac artery supplies: 
A. Uterus. 
B. Urinary bladder. 
C. Ovary. 
D. Anal canal. 

7. Branches of the celiac trunk provide 
blood supply to :
A. Liver. 
B. Spleen. 
C. Transverse colon. 
D. Stomach. 
8. Left subclavian artery: 
A. Terminates at the lateral border of the 
first rib.
B. Supplies the scalp. 
C. Arises from the brachiocephalic trunk. 
D. Passes through the axilla. 
9. During spleenectomy, the splenic artery has to
be ligated, it is a branch from:
A. Inferior mesenteric artery. 
B. Celiac trunk. 
C. Superior mesenteric artery. 
D. Internal iliac artery. 
10. A thrombus in the inferior mesenteric artery
would reduce the blood supply to:
A. Urinary bladder. 
B. Rectum. 
C. Liver. 
D. Supra renal gland. 


11. To feel the carotid pulse we have to put
the fingers at:
A. Lower border of the mandible. 
B. Upper border of thyroid cartilage. 
C. In front of the ear. 
D. On the first rib. 
12. A diabetic patient might complain from
loss of vision due to vasoconstriction of the
ophthalmic artery which is a branch from:
A. External carotid artery. 
B. Common carotid artery. 
C. Internal carotid artery. 
D. Subclavian artery. 

