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Joint Injuries
Common Sport Injury Terms
Strains, Pulls & Tears
• Strains (associated with ligaments & tendon)
• Pulls & Tears (associated with muscle)
• Categorized based on severity
– First, second & third degree
– Mild (ice)  Moderate  Severe (surgery)
Tendonitis
• “itis” = inflammation
• Inflammation of tendon
• Cause: irritation due to prolonged use or
abnormal use
Dislocations & Separations
• Dislocation – displaced from original location
• Separation – ligaments tear & separate
(varies in severity)
Cartilage Damage
• Commonly known as “torn cartilage”
• Avascular (no blood supply)  injuries take time
to heal
• Treatment: arthroscopy
• Hyaline cartilage – found in bones
• Fibro cartilage – found in vertebrae
• Elastic cartilage – found in ear
Arthroscopy
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-jIyvIVLYZM
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vJGJJOA1Me0&feature=related
Q angle
• Quadriceps angle
• Formed in the frontal plane by a line drawn
from the centre of the patella to the anterior
superior iliac spine and another from the
centre of the tibial tuberosity to the centre of
the patella
• If angle is greater than 20 degrees; more
chance for injury
Shin Splints
• Cause: Overuse, improper foot wear & not
enough time for recovery
• Occurs on medial or lateral shaft of tibia
Osgood-Schlatter Syndrome
• Ossification centres in bones of children
• Affects epiphyseal plate of tibial tuberosity
• “growing pains”
Patellofemoral Syndrome (PFS)
• Anterior knee pain or pain around patella
• Causes: sports like running, volleyball &
basketball
Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome
Inversion Sprains
• “twisted ankle” or “rolling your ankle”
• Ankle most unstable in plantar flexion
Eversion Sprains
• Rare – strength of deltoid ligament
• Severe causes – medial malleolus & fibula
breaks
Treatment of Injuries
Signs an injury has occurred:
• Swelling
• Heat (increase temperature)
• Altered (tissue not functioning properly)
• Red
• Painful (to touch or move)
P.I.E.R. Principle
Treatment of injury when it happens:
Pressure
Ice
Elevate
Restriction