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Download Let There Be Light!
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An overview of theatrical lighting. Fresnel • Used to create a “flood” or “wash” of light • Specially designed lens focuses the light in one direction • Circular beam of light • Typical theatre wattage: 500w PAR Can • Parabolic Aluminized Reflector • Creates a “flood” or “wash” of light • Only fixture with an oval beam • Typical theatre wattage: 1000w (PAR 64) or 500w (PAR 56) Ellipsoidal Reflector Spotlight (ERS) • AKA “ellipsoidal” or “Leko” • Versatile fixture that creates a circular spotlight • Has two focal points, giving it the ability to project images • Typical theatre wattage: 575w or 750w Followspot • Operated manually by followspot operator • High intensity beam that focuses on performers • Operator can change color, iris size, and focus How Electricity Works How Electricity Works • Electricity has to form a circuit • Think of electricity as having to run around a racetrack • At the bottom of the racetrack is the power source • At the top of the racetrack is the lamp (light bulb) • To the right of the racetrack is the light switch (dimmers) • If the switch is on (closed circuit) the electricity can pass through to the lamp • If the switch is off (open circuit) the electricity stops at the switch and can’t continue Dimming • Dimmers are like heavy duty switches • They control the intensity of the light fixtures (i.e. how bright they are, or how much power they are receiving) • Standard theatrical dimmers are rated at either 1200 watts (1.2kw) or 2400 watts (2.4kw) Circuits • The cables connected to the dimmer pack that the light fixtures are plugged in to. • The three most common connector (plug) types in theatre are: • Stage Pin • Edison • Twist Lock Lighting Console • Communicates with the dimmers in order to control the function of the light fixtures • Tells the dimmers to turn on and off • …at what intensity • …at what rate (time) • …how often • Can be programmed to create effects cues such as lightning strikes or chase sequences • Uses a protocol called DMX-512 to communicate with dimmers and certain light fixtures or accessories Lighting Effects • Gel – A plastic film that changes the color of the light • Color Scroller – an accessory that scrolls through a series of different colored gels that are strung together; makes one light fixture able to produce several different colors of light • Gobo – A pattern that is projected through an ellipsoidal light fixture • Intelligent Lighting (or Moving Lights) – a light fixture that has the capability of moving the beam of light; moving and rotating different gobos or lithos; and changing the color of the beam
