Download WELCOME What is Phonics? - Hungerford Primary School

WELCOME
What is Phonics?
Why Phonics?
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Being able to read is one of the most
important skills children will learn
during their early schooling and it has
far-reaching implications for lifelong
confidence and well-being.
(‘Letters and Sounds’ – Principles and
Practice of High Quality Phonics)
The Rose Review
The independent review of
early reading, conducted by
Jim Rose, confirmed that
‘high quality phonic work’
should be the prime means
for teaching beginner
readers to learn to read and
spell.
Important Reading Strategies
Keep it fun → look at the pictures.
Walk and talk through the book
before ‘reading’.
Talk about the front cover.
Catch the title!
Important Reading Strategies
To decode the words:
*Guess from understanding the meaning.
*Work out what it could be from the context.
*Predict.
*Build a bank of words recognised ‘on sight’.
* For phonetically decodable words…
'Sound out' or 'segment and blend' using phonic
knowledge.
Watch this space!
Pre & post - Phase 1
Phase 1 – wear giant ears!
Phonics is the link between letters
and the sounds they make.
Using a structured programme, working through
6 progressive phases, children are taught:
All the common letter – sound correspondences.
To hear separate sounds within words – we call
this to ‘segment’.
To ‘blend’ sounds together.
Multisensory
Look… magic pen, model formation of letters – handwriting patter /
using smartboard video function / visualisers
Do… actions, sing songs, say rhymes, watch mouth shape in the
mirror to pronounce pure sounds
Listen…songs
Contextualise - stories
Jolly Phonics
Games – try some later
Write dance/ quickwrite/sand/
www.phonicsplay.co.uk
Games to play at home
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I spy
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Collect objects/words with same sounds
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Segment/stretch words out together
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Use lower case magnetic letters on the fridge
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Snap
What are speech sounds?
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There are 26 letters in the English alphabet – but
more than 40 speech sounds or phonemes
A phoneme is the smallest unit of sound in a word
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eg. f
A grapheme is a letter or sequence of letters that
represents a phoneme
eg. f, ff or ph
For pronunciation of pure sounds go to
www.oxfordowl.co.uk/phonics/phonics.html?id=ae
Tips and e-books at www.oxfordowl.co.uk
It is easier for children to segment and
blend pure sounds.
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Continuous phonemes:-
f, l, m, n, r, s, sh, v, th, z
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Unvoiced phonemes:-
e, p, t, ch, h
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Voiced phonemes:-
b, d, g, w, qu, y, j
fffffffffffffffffffffffff
Phase 2
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Sounds are introduced in sets
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Set 1: s, a, t, p
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Set 2: i, n, m, d
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Set 3: g, o, c, k
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Set 4: ck, e, u, r
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Set 5: h, b, f, ff, l, ll, ss
Phase 2
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Activity: How many words can you make?
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With the letters:
s a t p i n m d
Make as many cvc and cv words as you can – you
will see that they are taught in this order for
a reason!
Blending – nothing to do with tea!
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Recognising the letter sounds in a
written word- eg. C-u-p, and
blending them in the order which
they are written, to read the word
‘cup’.
Segmenting – nothing to do with
oranges!
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Segmenting/ stretching out words - to
know which letters to write down to
represent a word.
s-e-g-m-e-n-t
Sound buttons
sit
• can
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leg mop
fit
Phase 3
*Set 6: j, v, w, x
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* Set 7 y,z,zz,qu
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*Learn the alphabet and the names of the letters
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*Set 8: ch, sh, th, ng
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*Teach: ai, ee, igh, oa, oo, oo, ar, or,
ur, ow, oi, ear, air, ure, er
Digraph
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Two letters which make one sound.
Consonant digraph – two consonants net to each
other, but they make a single sound – ‘friendly
letters’
Eg. sh, ck, th,
ll, ss
Vowel digraph contains at least one vowel – but
the two letters make a single sound
Eg. ai, ee, ar, oy
Which words have a digraph?
Trigraph
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3 letters which make 1 sound
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S-igh-t
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F-ear
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Ch-air
s igh t
f ear
ch air
Phase 4 (end of FS)
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Consolidation unit - no new graphemes
to learn.
Reading and spelling ‘tricky words’
- Apply learning to reading and
spelling.
Phase 5 – throughout Year 1
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Read phonetically decodable 2/3 syllable words
Use alternative ways of pronouncing and spelling long
vowel phonemes, eg / a/ ai, ei, a_e, ay
Spell using phonetically plausible attempts at complex
words.
'katorpilla'
Graphemes/ alternate graphemes – find a best bet/
best fit - follow rules, even though there are
exceptions to them all!
Phase 6 – Yr 2
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Learn about phonic irregularities and less common gpcs
(grapheme- phoneme correspondences)
Apply phonics/ recognise and spell increasing number of complex
words
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-ed past tense
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Adding suffixes and prefixes
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Punctuation
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Intonation
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Expression
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How to make a best guess – from meaning and context
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Personalised strategies for remembering difficult words
Tricky words
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Cannot be sounded out or blended – need to be recognised
as a whole
Eg, said, the, eyes
http://www.phonicsplay.co.uk/Phase3Menu.htm
Children develop their own ways of remembering over time.
Constant repetition throughout daily phonics lessons.
Play some games - have fun!
Ask any questions – post it notes on board
Quiz
1. What is a phoneme?
2. How many phonemes are there in the word strap?
3. What is a digraph?
4. Give an example of two letters next to each
other but which do not make a digraph.
5. Write the word strict and add the sound buttons.
Answers
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1. What is a phoneme? The smallest unit of sound
in a word
2. How many phonemes in the word strap? 5
3. What is a digraph? Two letters next to each
other that make one sound
4.Two letters next to each other which don’t
make a digraph – fl, tr, st
5. Strict has a button per letter
Useful Websites:
www.letter-and-sounds.com
www.phonicsplay.co.uk
www.bbc.uk.co.uk/skillswise/words/spelling
www.bbc.co.uk/schools/wordsandpictures/cvc
www.bbc.co.uk/schools/ks1bitesize/literacy
www.familylearning.org.uk.phonics_games.html
www.oxfordowl.co.uk/Funideas/Index/4
01/15
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“It iz tiem too gow hoam,”
Sed v teetures.
“Gow and ingoi u nis
bedtiem storee wiv yr
tyildren toonyt!”