Download Artificial skin

ARTIFICIAL SKIN
Marc Cote
BME 181 Section 2
3/25/13
ANATOMY OF SKIN
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Largest organ of human body
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2 layers
• Epidermis (outer layer)
• Dermis (inner layer)
WHAT IS ARTIFICIAL SKIN?
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Synthetic (laboratory produced) substitute for human skin
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Effective replacement to skin graph
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Used for treatment of victims with
• severe burns
• skin cancer
• skin diseases
• serious wounds
FIRST SYNTHETIC SKIN
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Invented by John Burke (Massachusetts General Hospital) and Ioannis V. Yannas (MIT)
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Cambridge, Massachusetts
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Created polymer composed of collagen fibers and sugar molecule
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Formed material that resembled skin
SILASTIC
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Skin product Burke and Yannas created
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Polymer membrane (dermis) and silicone protective layer (epidermis)
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Frame for new skin tissue and blood vessels to grow
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First used on patient in 1979
• Woman had burns over half her body
• 3 weeks later woman new skin was growing quickly
• same color as unburned skin
GRAFTSKIN
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Howard Green professor at Harvard University was culturing skin cells
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Grew sheet of human epidermis cells
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Collagen with patients dermal cells placed for growth
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On top of collagen layer is cultured human skin cells
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In clinical trials (yet to be rejected)
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Stapled or sutured onto the body during surgery
EPIDERMAL ELECTRONICS
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Currently being researched at Stanford University
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Circuits attached to the skin
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Self-healing polymers
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Potentially allow prosthetic patient to have sensory feeling in artificial limb
WORKS CITED
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http://www.discoveriesinmedicine.com/Apg-Ban/Artificial-Skin.html#b#ixzz2NvfqRQzB
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http://www.wired.com/wiredscience/2012/11/synthetic-skin/
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http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6792993
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http://www.burnresearchcenter.org/brcpublicwebsite/artificialskin.htm
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http://health.howstuffworks.com/skin-care/information/anatomy/skin-graft5.htm