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CHAPTER 18
© 2006 Pearson Education, Inc.
1. What motivated European powers to support
nationalist revolts by the Greeks and other
Balkans peoples against the Ottoman Empire?
A. They enthusiastically upheld liberal democratic ideals
B. Because it diminished Ottoman power and gave them
more leverage there
C. They saw this as carrying out Napoleon’s old program
D. They wished to help the Serbs defend against AustriaHungary
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CORRECT ANSWER = B
A. Russia was certainly not interested in such ideals
C. England and Russia would not push any part of
Napoleon’s program
D. This occurred much later (1914)
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2. How may German and Italian unification be best
classified, by way of setting an example?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Cultural nationalism preceding political mobilization
Romantic idealism overcoming all obstacles
Brutal, cynical politics overpowering everyone
Early 19th Century nationalist victories
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CORRECT ANSWER = A
B. Cavour & Bismarck were anything but Romantic
idealists
C. On the other hand, idealists like Garibaldi and certain
German philosophers played key roles
D. The time period is wrong, this was only accomplished
only in 1870
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3. In Canada, how has nationalism managed to
triumph over regionalism?
A. Through separating French and English speaking
regions from one another
B. Through exercising stricter control from London
C. By eliminating French-English tensions within
the nation
D. Increasing the scope of democracy and adding the
maritime provinces
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CORRECT ANSWER = D
A. They united them, instead
B. Rather, democracy was encouraged
C. They were lessened, not eliminated
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4. How did to come to pass that the victory of
nationalism was accompanied by violent
competition?
A. Because of relative poverty and resource scarcity
among the competitors
B. The emergence of a global capitalist market combined
with national pride
C. The strength displayed by indigenous peoples in
resisting colonialism
D. None of these
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CORRECT ANSWER = B
A. These were in fact the world’s wealthiest nations
C. Against modern technology their resistance was not
often effective
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5. What is meant by the term “dual revolution” with
regards to Western Europe?
A. The strengthening of power at home & domination of
colonies
B. Political & economic realizations of high standards
C. Elites now controlling both religion & politics
D. Economic prosperity & centralized dictatorship
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CORRECT ANSWER = B
A. The criteria for “dual revolution” are only applied to
Western Europe
C. Freedom of religion was achieved under “dual
revolution”
D. These countries had established parliamentary
democracy
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6. What occurred as the Ottoman Empire weakened?
A. European powers propped it up as best they could to
keep a balance of power
B. The Young Turks succeeded in modernizing and
reforming the regime in the 1850’s
C. A power vacuum developed in southeast Europe
inviting foreign intervention
D. It was agreed to create a demilitarized zone in the
Balkans
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CORRECT ANSWER = C
A. They sought opportunities to exploit its weakness
B. They were exiled by a new sultan in 1876
D. No such agreement was made
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7. How may the Indian colonial experience be
characterized?
A. Great pains were taken by the British to make sure
that Indians never learned about democracy
B. India began its own industrial revolution, with cotton
textiles
C. British economic investment in India was
pitifully small
D. The British government did indeed fund the extensive
Indian railway system
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CORRECT ANSWER = B
A. The education system in India introduced concepts
based on liberal European revolutionary thinking
C. It was massive: one fifth of British overseas
investment
D. It was actually funded by India’s own taxes
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8. What best describes the Chinese experience with
Nineteenth century Imperialism/Nationalism?
A. Similar to that of India’s
B. The Chinese government was very quick to see that
modernization was the answer
C. The Chinese government moved to organize its people
to resistance and was therefore warmly supported
by them
D. None of these
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CORRECT ANSWER = D
A. Unlike India, China was never taken over by a
colonial power, but under pressure by many
B. It remained very conservative and resistant to change
C. The Chinese government was weak, and the result
was disorder
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9. What factor did not contribute to South Africa’s
Nineteenth Century mfecane?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Shaka’s wars of expansion
The Boer trek
The migration of refugees from wars
Riots in the Cape Colony
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CORRECT ANSWER = D
A., B., & C. contributed to mfecane, “time of troubles”;
but D. never occurred
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10. What was not implemented as part of Muhammad
Ali’s reforms in Egypt?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Army modernization
Conquest of the Sudan
Diversification of agriculture
Secular state schools
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CORRECT ANSWER = C
A., B., & D. were all implemented, but since Egypt
remained heavily dependent on its cotton exports,
C. did not come about.
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11. What did most of the jihads in Africa during the
late Nineteenth Century Islamic revival have as
their prime objective?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Opposing Europeans & driving out the Christian faith
Destroying the slave trade
Purifying the Islamic faith
Establishing an Empire in Hausaland
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CORRECT ANSWER = C
A. The Islamic movements were not directly related to
European activities
B. African Muslims were among the most active slave
traders
D. This was only true in West Africa and did not apply
elsewhere
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12. For what purpose was the Berlin Conference of
1885 convened?
A. To end King Leopold’s murderous Congo regime
B. To defuse potential European conflict by dividing
African lands
C. To establish treaties with African kings
D. To suppress the Maji-Maji Revolt
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CORRECT ANSWER = B
A. In point of fact, it confirmed his holdings there
C. This was done later by individual colonial powers
D. This was done much later (1905-7) by the Germans
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13. How might colonial gender relations be best
characterized?
A. At first European males tended to avoid native
women, but eventually entered into sexual liaisons
with them
B. Colonizing women formed a solidarity with their
colonized sisters
C. All colonized people rejected the European style of
gender relations
D. European women discouraged relationships between
colonizing men and colonized women
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CORRECT ANSWER = D
A. There was such contact from the beginning
B. This was not the case, racism played a larger role
C. Not all, some chose to emulate a European lifestyle
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14. How did the Japanese experience differ from that
of other Nineteenth Century non-Western
countries?
A. It was able to maintain its isolation from the world
into the Twentieth Century
B. It didn’t, Japan ended up like China
C. Modernizing forces were able to take control and
transform the country
D. Japan put itself under the United States’ protection
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CORRECT ANSWER = C
A. The isolation ended in 1853
B. Unlike China, young, vigorous leadership emerged to
prevent this
C. They did not do this, but quickly adopted Western
technology
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15. What did the Meiji government prioritize?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Education, with an emphasis on study abroad
Preserving the rural lifestyle
Peaceful relations with neighboring states
Opening new areas of public life & achievement for
Japanese men & women
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CORRECT ANSWER = A
B. There was a great emphasis on urbanization
C. Japan was very aggressive and expansionistic
D. For men yes, but not women
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