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Causes of the American Revolution
During the early years of settlement, England
ignored its colonies.
Under the Navigation Acts, the colonists could
trade only with England.
Colonists resented England’s control of the
colonies because they were used to being left
alone.
Sketch of Baltimore Harbor, 1752
Colony founders knew they must guarantee
rights and good government if they were going
to attract colonists.
Virginia colonists created the House of
Burgesses which was the first representative
assembly in the Americas.
By 1750 each of the 13 colonies had an
elected assembly.
The first meeting of the Virginia Assembly
Britain and France were intense rivals in the
struggle for North America.
In the 1750s the center of colonial conflict
was the Ohio River Valley.
British officer George Washington was sent to
build a fort on the river but was defeated by
the French before he could.
Native Americans became French allies
because it appeared the French would win the
war.
North American land claims, 1753
The French and Indian war went badly for the
British colonies until Captain James Wolfe took
Quebec in 1759.
The British finally won three years later.
Taking of Quebec by English forces during the French and Indian War
Great Britain became the most powerful nation
in the world.
The enlarged empire meant conflicts with
Native Americans in the Ohio River Valley.
To avoid problems, Britain issued the
Proclamation of 1763 which did not allow
colonists to cross the Appalachian Mountains.
Colonist were infuriated because they did not
like being told where they could and could not
go.
North American land claims, 1763
In order to enforce the Proclamation of 1763
and keep peace with Native Americans, a
permanent British army was stationed in
America.
British officials expected colonists to help pay
for their defense.
The colonists did not like the presence of the
army, nor having to pay for the troops’
support.
King George III
and how they correspond to the
“new” school policies
The French and Indian War
Explanation
Reaction/ Result
Britain needed money
to finance war with
France.
Britain imposed taxes
on the colonists to
pay for the war.
Proclamation of 1763
Explanation
Reaction/ Result
Britain wanted to avoid
conflict with Native
Americans, so Colonists
were forbidden to cross
Appalachian Mountains.
Colonists were angered
because of British
presence and being
told what to do
British Army stationed
in the colonies
Sugar Act
Explanation
Reaction/ Result
Tax on sugar
and molasses
Did not affect
many, but the idea
of taxes a growing
issue
brown bag
tax
Stamp Act
Explanation
Reaction/ Result
Tax on legal
documents,
newspapers, wills,
and basically every
piece of paper
used
Stamp Act Congress
formed to organize
boycott
Eventually repealed
official
stamped
papers for
grades
Writs of Assistance
Explanation
Reaction/ Result
Customs officers
could search ships at
will
Few colonists affected,
but merchants felt this
was an invasion of
privacy
search
belongings
Townshend Acts
Explanation
Reaction/ Result
Tax on various
household items such
as paper, glass, lead,
silk, and tea
Colonists boycott
through the nonimportation agreement
Eventually repealed
lunch price
increased
Quartering Act
Explanation
Reaction/ Result
Colonists had to
provide food, housing,
blankets, candles, etc.
for the British soldiers
This was hated, but
little could be done
teacher home
visits
Intolerable Acts
Explanation
Reaction/ Result
Colonists could not hold
town meetings
First Continental
Congress meets
Port of Boston closed
Individual colonies
began to unify
Customs officials tried
in Britain
no
discussion
of policies
“No taxation without representation!”
Explanation
Colonists had no
representatives to
speak for them in
Parliament
Reaction/ Result
Colonists resented not
having a say in their own
affairs
Became a rallying cry
The Boston Massacre
Explanation
Reaction/ Result
A rioting mob
confronted British
soldiers at the Boston
Customs House
Sam Adams
used the
opportunity
to whip up
anti-British
feeling
by calling the event
a massacre
Tensions rose
and
shots were
fired
into the
crowd,
killing
five
colonists
Two soldiers were
found guilty of
manslaughter, six
were found not guilty
Tea Act
Explanation
Tea merchants in the
colonies were cut out
of the tea trade
because the British
East India Company
lowered their tea prices.
British East
India
Company
The company monopolized, or
controlled, tea sales in the colonies.
Reaction/ Result
Boston Tea Party
Boston Tea Party
Explanation
Reaction/ Result
On December 16,
1773, the Sons of
Liberty dumped 90,000
pounds of tea into
Boston Harbor.
Intolerable Acts
Chronology of Events
French and Indian War- 1754-1763
Proclamation of 1763- 1763
Sugar Act- 1764
Stamp Act- 1765
Quartering Act- 1765
Chronology of Events
Writs of Assistance- 1767
Townshend Acts- 1767
Boston Massacre- 1770
Tea Act/ Boston Tea Party- 1773
Intolerable Acts- 1774