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Fill in the blanks to make a word. Use the hint if necessary. 1. _o_ld _a_ I = a devastating conflict 2. C _ m _u _i_m=when the government owns all businesses and land 3. _ i _ _ a t _ _ = a fierce leader 4. _ e _ l _ n = Germany’s capital 5. R _ c _ _ s _ _ n = when businesses are in bad shape 6. D _ p _ _ ss _ _ n = when businesses are in very bad shape. Free enterprise Communism Market economy Recession Depression Capitalism Opening Vocabulary: Add these to the bottom half of page 5 Recession: A moderate decline in business activity; Many businesses are not doing great. Some employees are laid off Depression: A drastic decline in business activity Most businesses are doing terrible Many/Most employees are laid off The Great Depression 1930s Recession vs. Depression Opening Vocabulary: Remember these?? Communism: An economic system where the government controls all businesses and makes all business decisions. Cuba, North Korea, China, and the former Soviet Union (until 1991) Often associated with the color red. Read page 384 (left column) Free Enterprise, Market Economy, and Capitalism: An economic system where individuals can own their own businesses United States and most of the world Background information This world has seen two world wars (World War I and World War II) Germany was very much involved in both. Read “History of Germany” “Growth of a Nation” “War and Division.” Germany’s History Germany fought and lost WWI. They slipped into a depression after World War I and citizens were poor and desperate. Inflation was so high in Germany that money became almost worthless. Adolf Hitler came to power and World War II began just 20 years after WWI ended. pictures Bellwork: February 16 What is the cartoonist saying? Soviet Union After World War II… Hitler and the Nazi party started World War II in Europe in 1939 by invading Poland. Germany lost World War II and the country was divided into West Germany and East Germany. Germany’s capital, Berlin, was also divided. (Illustrate Germany divided on the bottom of pg. 6) West Germany controlled by democratic and capitalist U.S., Britain, and France East Germany controlled by Communist Soviet Union After World War II… Germany’s capital city, Berlin, was located in Communist East Germany. Therefore, the city was divided in half. West Berlin was controlled by the democratic countries of France, the US, and Britain. Berlin The Berlin Wall East Berlin was governed by the Communist Soviet Union. A wall was built in 1961 to divide the city and keep citizens of East Berlin from escaping to West Berlin. The Berlin Wall kept East Berliners from escaping to West Berlin. (symbol of lack of freedom) Western Europe vs. Eastern Europe Not only Germany, but all of Europe was divided. The Soviet Union was Communist and did not like the United States or its capitalism. After WWII, Eastern Europe was controlled and rebuilt by the Soviet Union (behind the “Iron Curtain”). Western Europe was free to rebuild on its own with US support. The Cold War: a period of high tensions between the US and Soviet Union US and Soviet Union trying to win allies during the Cold War (1945 – 1991) During the Cold War several other world events occurred: Korean War (Communist North Korea vs. Capitalist South Korea 1950s) Vietnam War (Communist North Vietnam vs. Capitalist South Vietnam) Cuban Missile Crisis (1962) Communist Soviet Union / USSR All of these nations were under control of Communist Soviet Union for more than 50 years. Germany reunites In 1989 and 1990, citizens in most Communist countries began protesting for more freedoms. In 1990, East and West Germany reunited under a democratic government. The Soviet Union In 1991, the Communist Soviet Union also lost control and became 15 different countries. These include Russia, Ukraine, and Belarus. Political Cartoons This shows Joseph Stalin (leader of the Soviet Union). What does this suggest about how the United States viewed Stalin and the Soviet Union? The Iron Curtain How do you think the Iron Curtain affects Europe today? Do you think this cartoon suggests that the Soviet Union was open to foreign countries, or remained private? The Iron Curtain Winston Churchill (leader of Great Britain) trying to peer underneath Joseph Stalin’s Iron Curtain. (Joseph Stalin was the leader of the Soviet Union) The end of World War II How do you think the author feels about the negotiations at the end of World War II? The Cold War What does this suggests about the world during the time period of the Cold War? The Cuban Missile Crisis Who is that on the island? The Cuban Missile Crisis We were very afraid of having nuclear missiles of our enemy so close to our country. The Cuban Missile Crisis John F. Kennedy (right) leader of the US in 1962 Vs. Nikita Krushev (left) leader of the Soviet Union in 1962 Both are sitting on nuclear weapons. Assignment: Create a political cartoon A political cartoon makes a statement or belief about an issue. Often they use symbols (These are typically well known symbols, such as a flag, or in the case of the US, the eagle or Uncle Sam) If you would like to use symbols, check pages 280-283 for all the flags of Europe. Create a Political Cartoon about one of the following topics: Capitalism vs. Communism and the Cold War The significance of the Berlin Wall Martin Luther vs. the Catholic Church Homework: Due Tuesday, Feb. 21st Alternative assignment: create a collage of pictures (at least 8) that represent the same issues. Capitalism vs. Communism and the Cold War The significance of the Berlin Wall Martin Luther vs. the Catholic Church To get a good grade: It must be creative It must represent the issue. You must show effort (it must be colored and neat. It must look like you worked hard on it.)