* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Download Turning the Tide
New Order (Nazism) wikipedia , lookup
Western betrayal wikipedia , lookup
Forced labor of Germans in the Soviet Union wikipedia , lookup
Italian resistance movement wikipedia , lookup
Historiography of the Battle of France wikipedia , lookup
Military history of Greece during World War II wikipedia , lookup
Economy of Nazi Germany wikipedia , lookup
Aftermath of World War II wikipedia , lookup
Causes of World War II wikipedia , lookup
Collaboration with the Axis Powers wikipedia , lookup
Battle of the Mediterranean wikipedia , lookup
Diplomatic history of World War II wikipedia , lookup
World War II by country wikipedia , lookup
Allied Control Council wikipedia , lookup
Technology during World War II wikipedia , lookup
Allied plans for German industry after World War II wikipedia , lookup
Operation Bodyguard wikipedia , lookup
Foreign relations of the Axis powers wikipedia , lookup
Mediterranean and Middle East theatre of World War II wikipedia , lookup
Allies of World War II wikipedia , lookup
Consequences of Nazism wikipedia , lookup
Turning the Tide The Allied Powers victory in Europe Operation Barbarossa, 1941 Hitler’s ultimate dream *Smash _______ & carve out German empire *22 June 1941: Operation Barbarossa, the invasion of the _____________ *3,000,000 German soldiers in 153 divisions poured across the frontier into the USSR Blitzkrieg devastates Red Army *June-August 1941: kills 2 million soldiers & captures another 2 million soldiers *Sept 1941: Leningrad under siege, Ukraine taken, Crimea falling to German advance 1942: Germany continues to advance Other reasons for Soviet victory: Hitler made many errors: _______________, predicting victory by Oct ‘41, so no winter gear for troops _____________ died from exposure or disease Supplies pulled by horses, slowing use of technology German industry ____________, using more raw materials to produce fewer weapons Other reasons for Soviet victory _________________ helped Vast amounts of food, raw materials, equipment shipped through dangerous routes USA supplied 500,000 vehicles, 1900 locomotives, ½ the supply of tires & copper Allied ____________ slowed German ____________ Turning points of the Eastern Front Soviet sacrifices, German errors, Allies help did not win war automatically Two major battles were turning points The Battle of ______________: Sept 1942 – Jan 1943 Early 1942 Renewed German offensive in south aimed at capturing USSR ______________ ____________ Soviet troops killed Stalingrad key city: hold it & Germany is stopped; lose it & all of Soviet south falls to Germany The Battle of Stalingrad: Sept 1942 – Jan 1943 Stalingrad Hand-to-hand, room-by-room fighting took away German advantage of _____________ This was war at most __________ level 19 Nov 1942: Soviet counteroffensive under Marshall Zhukov encircled German’s 6th army ____________________________ ____________________________ 31 Jan 1943, 6th Army surrendered (300,000) Proved the German’s could be defeated The Battle of ______: July–August 1943 Germany still held huge amount of USSR land July 1943: Germany counter-attack Surprise ruined when Soviets discovered plan USSR dug in & prepared for attack Greatest _____________ in history German army was destroyed @ Kursk Vast # of tanks Soviet planes a qualitative match for Luftwaffe, they ________________________ ________________________ The Battle of Kursk: July–August 1943 Russia wins war of __________ USSR replaced all losses from battle Germany could not because: ________________________ ________________________ ________________________ ________________________ Aug 1943: Red Army had __________ times as many tanks as Germans Causes of North African Campaign Mussolini envisioned the _____________________ as an Italian lake. He therefore sent an army to the Italian colony of _____________ to commence the attack on the Allies. Strategic Importance The Axis powers were attempting to gain control of Africa so they could strike at the _______________ in the _______________________ and eventually open a second front against the Soviet Union. The Allies were attempting to stop the _______________, pull pressure off of the _______________, and allow for the opening of a __________________. Operation Torch • November 1942 – Allied invasion of Axis controlled _______________led by American Gen. Eisenhower. • German _______________ led by Field Marshall ___________________________surrenders in May 1943 Operation _________ • Success in ___________ opened the door for Operation Husky • Allies attack the so called ‘_____________________’ of Hitler’s Europe - Italy. • Invasion of _________ in 1943 • Allies controlled Sicily by August of 1943 and then started the drive up the Italian peninsula. Importance The importance of the Allied invasion of Italy was to take Italy out of the war. The Allies were continuing to fight against Germany and the Nazis, and taking out Italy was beginning to destroy the ________________. Also with the U.S. attacking Italy, Germany had to send troops there and __________________ ___________________________. Lastly, the Allies also gained control over the ______________ ___________________________. Describe the invasion of France at Normandy. Allied forces had gained momentum from defeating the Axis Powers in North Africa, naval success in the Atlantic, Soviet momentum, and the invasion of Italy. The invasion of France was named __________ ____________________. Describe the invasion of France at Normandy. The Allied forces were led into battle by General Dwight Eisenhower. Allied forces _____________ to keep Germans ____________________ of invasion. Allies landed in __________ on D-Day, June 6, 1944. Describe the invasion of France at Normandy. Germans secured the beach with _________________ _____________________. Difficult fighting commenced, and it took about ___________ for Allied troops to penetrate 20 miles into France. On August 25, 1944, ______ _____________________ ____________________. Define the Holocaust. The Holocaust was Nazi Germany’s __________________ ________________________________________________. Millions of Jews were put under German rule as Germany expanded throughout Europe. Approximately _______________ Jews were killed either at their capture, or in concentration camps. This treatment of Jews was called the “_______________ _______________________________________” by Hitler. Describe the conditions in German concentration camps. Jews were ________________________________, usually packed in at least double what was provided for. There was standing room only for the entire trip, which could last several days. Water buckets would be passed around the train, but not everyone would get a drink. Passengers had not place to use the restroom. Many died in those few days from dehydration, disease or heat exhaustion. Describe the conditions in German concentration camps. Those considered ____________ to work were immediately taken into the “showers”, which were actually ______________. Afterwards, their bodies were _____________. Those fit to work would provide ________________ in the camps until they became too weak, at which point they would also be killed. Many were killed in mass firing squads, and buried in communal graves. Nazi doctors and scientists used prisoners for medical or science experiments, or used their bodies to make products. Recognize the accomplishments of the Yalta Conference. What did they agree to? Soviet Union would _____________ ______________________________ ______________________________. They discussed the return of liberated nations to self government. They agreed to _________________ ______________________________. They made plans for a new _____________________________, like the ______________________. Describe the events that led to German surrender and V-E Day. September 1944: Allied crossed the German border. December 1945: Germany launched their final offensive against the Allies. At the __________ _____________, after Germans created a bulge in the Allies’ lines, the Allies _______________________ _______________________. Describe the events that led to German surrender and V-E Day. In the _________________, the Allied Powers were pressing further into Germany from both sides: the Soviet Union from the east, the British and Americans from the west. April 30, 1945: _____________________ _____________________. Describe the events that led to German surrender and V-E Day. Germany _______________ ________________ on May 7, 1945. May 8, 1945 was known as ___________ (________ ____________), as the end of the five years of fighting in Europe. It is celebrated on this day because the surrender agreement was ratified on this day.