Download The World at War (again)

The World at War (again)
BLUE BOOK 676-677
• Name THREE things the Treaty of
Versailles did to Germany
Use back of opener page from
last class
Answer in your spiral, with
partner…
• Open the RED book to pages 804-805
“The War Begins”
– Use facts from the reading to support this
statement: “During the 1930’s, people were
willing to give up their rights.”
– Write IMPORTANT FACTS about each of
the following countries: Italy, Germany,
Japan, the Soviet Union…
1. Explain the differences between Democratic, Fascist and
Communist governments? List the type of government each major
country had. How might Communist and Fascist governments have
had an advantage in fighting a war with democracies?
I. Differences between Democratic,
Fascist & Communism
A. Democracies: Based on
Individual Rights
1. Economic Rights:
Capitalism
(Own Business & Make $)
2. Government Rights:
Democratic Elected Gov’t
a. Choose Leaders by
voting in some way
3. Examples: United States
/Britain / France
B. Fascist: Dictatorship
w/Private Business
1. Economic Rights:
Capitalism (Own Business &
Make $)
2. Government No Rights:
Totalitarian / Dictatorship
One Person or Party
Leader
3. Examples: Germany / Italy /
Japan
C. Communism: ‘Good’ of everyone no
Individual
1. Economic No Rights: All Owned
by Gov’t
2. Government Rights: Totalitarian
/ Dictatorship: One Person or Party
Leader
3. Examples: Soviet Union
(Russia)
D. Advantage & Disadvantages
1. Communism & Fascism: Gov’t
controls ALL information & there is
NO opposition
2. Democracies: People chose to
fight, can elect new leaders any time
Democracy
Fascism
Communism
Economies
• Communism government owns ALL
businesses; all resources SHARED
equally
• Socialism: government owns and operates
country’s means of production. SOME
private businesses
• Capitalism everything is based on choice
and competition, PRIVATE businesses run
most businesses
Germany (AXIS)
• Adolf Hitler (1889-1945)
– Born in Austria in 1889, the
fourth child of six
– Aspired to be an artist, was
twice rejected for the
Academy for Fine arts in
Vienna
Hitler fought in World War I, he is in the
picture at the far left
– Hitler was jailed for just
over a year for his role in
the Beer Hall Putsch
– Used “Emergency Powers”
to become Dictator of
Germany
Italy (AXIS)
• Benito Mussolini
(1883-1945) Prime
Minister of Italy from
1922 to 1943
– Before WWI, was a
journalist
– Was known as IL
DUCE (the supreme
leader)
Great Britain (ALLIES)
•Neville Chamberlain (Prime Minister
1937-1940)
-Most famous for his policy of
APPEASEMENT towards Hitler
•Winston Churchill (Prime
Minister 1940-1945)
-Churchill had a
speech impediment
Japan (AXIS)
• Emperor Hirohito (ruler of
Japan from 1926-1989)
– There is much debate over
how much he controlled
Japan during World War II
– Many point to General Tojo
as the true leader of Japan
– When he spoke to
Surrender at the end of
WWII, it was the first time
ordinary citizens had ever
heard his voice
Soviet Union (ALLIES)
• Josef Stalin (leader of
Soviet Union from 19221953)
– Real name was Joseph
Vissarionovich
Jugashvili
– He adopted the Russian
name STALIN, which
MEANS STEEL
– Aspired to be a Priest
– Estimates range from
10,000,000-30,000,000
people killed during Stalin’s
regime (more than the
Holocaust)
United States (ALLIES)
• Franklin Delanoe
Roosevelt (1933-1945)
– Only President to serve
more than two terms
(elected to four terms)
– He Died on April 12, 1945
(May 8th war ended in
Europe)
• Harry Truman
(President 19451953)
-he was Chosen as
Roosevelt’s Vice
President for his 4th
term in 1944
8-11
8. Mussolini
9. Churchill
10. Roosevelt
11. Hitler
a. British leader during
MOST of WWII
b. American leader during
most of WWII
c. Leader of the National
Socialist German
Workers Party (NAZI)
d. Leader of Japan
e. “Il Duce” Leader of Italy
Leaders of the War
Democracy
Communism
Fascism
Review: What did the
Treaty of Versailles
Say about
Germany???
Type of
Gov’t
Economy
Democracy
Gov’t
rights
Ex.
Totalitarian
Soviet
Union
Voting for
leaders
Capitalism
Review: Fill in the missing boxes
on the Table
Review
• Read “The Treaty of Versailles” in the
BLUE BOOK on page 677
– What did the Treaty of Versailles do to
Germany?
Lend-Lease opener
• First line # the document, then, with your
partner, answer each question
COMPLETELY.
• When you are done…
• Go through notes #2 with your partner
– HIGHLIGHT answers to #2 OBJ box
– CIRCLE vocabulary words
Statistics of Lend-Lease
• From 1942 to September 1945, the Soviet Union
received 9,000 tanks or self-propelled guns,
362,000 trucks, 47,000 jeeps, 131,633
submachine guns, 3,000 rocket launchers,
14,000,000 boots, 532,000 tons of U.S. sugar,
485,000 tons of canned meat (i.e., Spam) and
hundreds of other items. Twenty percent of the
Lend-Lease supplies the Soviets received were
military, while the rest were food, metals,
chemicals, petroleum products, and factory
machinery.
2. Describe the major causes of WWII in Europe. How did the Depression
and WWI play a role? What did Hitler say was his reason for expanding
Germany’s borders? Name 2 territories Hitler added before fighting. Name and
describe the type of warfare Hitler used. What was the reaction of the U.S. to
war in Europe?
The
II. Major Causes of WWII in Europe
German
A. WWI & Depression Major Causes
inflation
1. Winners of WWI harsh on Germany
of 1923
(Reparations & Small Military)- Humiliation
— one
2. Great Depression hurts Europe (Germany
dollar
Bad)
worth
a. Fascist think Democracy is Weak & can’t help
B. Rise of Fascism due to WWI & Depression
trillions of
1. Italy the 1st Fascist Country
marks.
Mussolini and Hitler
a. Upset it didn’t get more after WWI
b. Benito Mussolini comes to power in 1922
2. Germany & Adolf Hitler
a. NAZI- National Socialist German Worker
Party
b. Uses ‘Thugs’ – Brown Shirts to beat up
opponents & critics (Young men , no jobs)
c. Wants to blame everyone for Germany’s
trouble: Jews, Democracy!!, The Allies
d. Never Had Majority- Scared or Killed
People
Review: What is the definition of
PROPAGANDA????
Review
• Define lebensraum and appeasement
• Provide at least two possible reasons why
countries did not stop Hitler sooner
C. Hitler’s Goals For Revenge!!
1. “LEBENSRAUM” -Living Space’ for
Germans
a. Take land from non-Germans
(Less Human) and give to his even if
in another country
b. Adds Land & no Fighting:
APPEASEMENT
-Britain & France give land to avoid War
-Austria, Sudetenland (Czechoslovakiaall)
2. Builds Huge Military
a. Modern Army with Tanks, Planes &
ships
-All move Fast & work together (radio)
b. BLITZKREIG- ‘Lightning War’
-Nazi's Practice in Spain to help Fascist
fight in that Country (Franco)
Neville Chamberlain,
the Prime Minister of
Great Britain, was the
“face” of appeasement
Critical Thinking: Why would Adolf Hitler and
the Soviet Union want to make a peace
treaty, at least for awhile (they are BITTER
ENEMIES)????
D. War & The Reaction
1. Hitler Invades Poland Sept. 1, 1939
a. Uses Blitzkrieg & destroys Poland
b. Britain & France declare WAR
-Appeasement was a Joke
-Hitler had secret treaty with Soviets
(Stalin)
2. United States Reaction
a. Officially Neutral & Isolationist
-Many famous people almost like Hitler
(Ford, Kennedy, Lindbergh)
b. Great Britain all Alone!!! (Churchill)
-France got butt kicked & Germany controls it
Map showing the Sudetenland, the
-Germany bombing Britain & Planning Attack
new protectorate of Bohemiac. Roosevelt helps Britain
Moravia, and how Poland was
-Lend Lease policy (Boats/Guns)
divided after its invasion.
-Atlantic Charter- US/Britain are ‘Friends’
-U.S. begins to build up own Military
Read THE JAPANESE THREAT in the
BLUE BOOK, pages748-749, with
your partner
1) In what ways does JAPAN’s role in ASIA parallel, or mirror,
what Germany was doing in Europe?
2) What action(s) by the United States led to Japan planning an
attack on Pearl Harbor?
3) What parts of the Pearl Harbor were a SUCCESS for Japan?
What could be considered a failure?
4) What dominoes fell in the days after December 7, 1941?
5) In your opinion, do you think the United States would have
joined World War II eventually? Why or why not?
3. Explain Japan’s expansion in the Pacific. Who had taken control of the
Japanese government? Which country suffered the most from this expansion?
What were their goals for the attack of Pearl Harbor?
III. Japan’s Expansion in the Pacific
A. Military takes control of Japan
1. Emperor Hirohito’s
power?????
(Prisoner??)
a. General Tojo in real power
2. Wants Japan to be Equal
to European Powers
a. Believes they are better than
all Asians just like Germany in
Europe (which –ISM???)
b. Signs Treaty with Germany
Japanese
Prime Minister
Tojo (center)
toasting
alliance with
Germany
B. Japan wants Raw Materials &
Colonies
1. Invades China, Korea,
British Colonies
a. Brutal to China ‘Rape of
Nanking’
-Murder MILLIONS of Chinese
2. Only competition in
Pacific is the Unites States
a. U.S. has Philippines,
Hawaii, Samoa, Alaska
Locate the areas the United States controlled in the Pacific:
Pearl Harbor Map
Pearl Harbor
• Pacific Navy
stationed there
• If Japan is to be
attacked by
America, how
would it be
done???
• Goal is to
CRIPPLE U.S.
Facts from attack
• Facts: first wave 181 planes, second wave
170 planes
• Over 90 ships anchored, 21 ships
sunk/damaged, 188 airplanes destroyed
159 damaged, 2403 people killed
• Only 29 planes failed to return
Of the damaged ships, only THREE did not
return to action, plus AIRCRAFT CARRIERS
were not in Pearl Harbor!
C. Attacking the U.S. – Pearl Harbor
1. Japan thinks U.S. is Racist (true) &
will try to stop them from growing
(true)
a. U.S. stopped selling Steel & limits
trade to them
2. Pearl Harbor, Hawaii- Dec. 7th, 1941
a. Goal to destroy U.S. AIRCRAFT
CARRIERS
- Carriers out to sea & they survive
b. Surprise Attack – U.S. should
have known
-Japanese Code Broke
3. Waking a “Sleeping Dog”
a. Japanese General said it was a
mistake
b. U.S. declares War
The USS Arizona (BB-39)
burning after the Japanese
attack on Pearl Harbor.
-Roosevelt – “ A day that will live in infamy”
Germany declares war on U.S.
Aircraft damage at Pearl
Harbor, Hawaii from
Japanese attack.
Location of ships
Major Ships at harbor:
USS Arizona - Magazine explosion, sunk with few survivors
USS California - Sunk
USS Maryland - Damaged
USS Nevada - Damaged and run aground
USS Oklahoma - Capsized and sunk
USS Pennsylvania - Damaged. The Pennsylvania was in dry dock
USS Tennessee - Damaged
USS West Virginia - Sunk
The USS Arizona (BB-39) burning after the Japanese attack on Pearl
Harbor.
Battleships USS West Virginia and USS Tennessee after the
Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor on Dec. 7, 1941.
Photograph of the USS Nevada beached at Hospital Point after the
attack on Pearl Harbor.
Aircraft damage at Pearl Harbor, Hawaii from Japanese attack.
Captured Japanese photograph taken during the attack on
Pearl Harbor, Dec. 7, 1941. In the foreground, part of Battleship
Row. In the distance, the smoke rises from Hickam Field.
Rotation Questions
• Rotation One: Rationing
1) Explain why rationing was needed
2) Predict and Explain which item was needed most for the war
effort
3) Explain which item would be hardest for you to ration…
•
Rotation Two: Women in War
1) Explain the acronyms WACS and WAVES
2) Women were needed because…
3) Just recently women were recognized for their service in
WWII, why do you think it took so long (64 years)?
•
Rotation Three: Psychological Warfare
1) Choose one, explain what you see:
2) Imagine being a soldier and picking this up… what impact might
it have?
3) Any negatives parts of this leaflet? Explain
4) What other ways could you play mind games with your
opponents?
6. Describe how Americans helped the war effort at home. What group faced
discrimination during the war? How? What is the Selective Service? What did the
U.S. do to make sure there were enough supplies and food for troops?
VI. Everyone Helps at Home
A. Factories & Farms Roar
1. Huge amounts produced : NO Bombing
makes it easy
2. Ladies to the Rescue: Women take factory
jobs (Rosie the Riveter)
B. Ration Books: Coupons that limit how
much of anything you can buy in a time
(week, month, year)
1. Tires / Shoes / Sugar / Butter / Gas
2. Some things not available:
Panty Hose (Parachutes)
C. We Need Troops
1. Selective Service (Draft)
a. Men 18-35 must serve if called
b. Still around today (Register @ 18)
2. Women Serve (WAC’s & WAVES)
a. Army & Navy women’s service
(Pilots, Nurses)
Types of rationing included:
Uniform coupon rationing (sugar is an example) provided
equal shares of a single commodity to all consumers;
Point rationing provided equivalent shares of commodities
by coupons issued for points which could be spent for any
combination of items in the group (processed foods, meats,
fats, cheese);
Differential coupon rationing provided shares of a single
product according to varying needs (gasoline, fuel oil); and
Certificate rationing allowed individuals products only after
an application demonstrated need (tires, cars, stoves,
typewriters).
Rationed Items
Rationing Duration
Tires
Cars
Bicycles
Gasoline
Fuel Oil & Kerosene
Solid Fuels
Stoves
January 1942 to December 1945
February 1942 to October 1945
July 1942 to September 1945
May 1942 to August 1945
October 1942 to August 1945
September 1943 to August 1945
December 1942 to August 1945
Rubber Footwear
Shoes
October 1942 to September 1945
February 1943 to October 1945
Sugar
Coffee
Processed Foods
Meats, canned fish
Cheese, canned milk, fats
May 1942 to 1947
November 1942 to July 1943
March 1943 to August 1945
March 1943 to November 1945
March 1943 to November 1945
Typewriters
March 1942 to April 1944
D. Racism at Home (Fighting NAZI’s???)
1. Japanese-Americans: ‘Not
loyal’??
a. Starts in Pearl Harbor: Not
trusted Ex.-Planes
b. Japanese Internment Camps
-Japanese on west Cost moved
to Camps
-Lose Property / Homes /
Business
-Supreme Court & Roosevelt
Support It
2. Army Still Segregated
a. Tuskegee Airmen: All Black
fighter pilots
b. Nisei Battalion: Japanese Am.
Fight in Italy
c. Navajo Code Talkers: Native Am.
Use language as radio men to keep
Japanese clueless
2. Army still segregated
a. Tuskegee Airmen: All Black fighter pilots
b. Nisei Battalion: Japanese Amer.
fight in Italy
c. Navajo Code Talkers: Native Amer.
use language as radio men to keep
Japanese clueless
Poster
• Meaning: Must have people do
SOMETHING war related and be for a
certain AUDIENCE
• Illustration: Must include a picture or
symbol
• Statement: Must include WORDS that
relate to message
• On BACK 4-6 sentence EXPLANATION of
your poster, the meaning, the illustration,
and WHY you think poster will work!
D. Racism at Home (Fighting NAZI’s???)
1. Japanese-Americans: ‘Not
loyal’??
a. Starts in Pearl Harbor: Not
trusted Ex.-Planes
b. Japanese Internment Camps
-Japanese on west Cost moved
to Camps
-Lose Property / Homes /
Business
-Supreme Court & Roosevelt
Support It
2. Army Still Segregated
a. Tuskegee Airmen: All Black
fighter pilots
b. Nisei Battalion: Japanese Am.
Fight in Italy
c. Navajo Code Talkers: Native Am.
Use language as radio men to keep
Japanese clueless
Nisei Battalion consisted mainly of
2nd generation Japanese-Americans
from Hawaii, they were called the
“Purple Heart Battalion” due to their
high casualty rate.
Code Talkers
4. Explain Hitler’s defeat. What two types of governments teamed up
to defeat Hitler? Why was that important geographically? What was DDay? Name the American general in charge of the Allies. What
happened to Hitler?
OBJ # 4
IV. Hitler’s Defeat in Europe
A. Germany Unstoppable Early
1. Blitzkrieg Kills : Poland & France
(1939, 1940)
2. The Battle of Britain: Britain
Becomes Fortress (July 1940)
a. Germany Bombs daily:
The “British air attack before land invasion
b. RAF fights back, destroying
Bulldog”
2,300 Luftwaffe aircraft!!!
Winston
(RADAR)
Churchill
c. Churchill – “Never Surrender”
Firemen battle the flames of a
German bombing attack on
London, 1941
Poster referring to the bravery of the
RAF during the Battle of Britain
Map of Early War in Europe
Germany fights on two fronts
B. Tag Team Enemies
1. Hitler Invades Soviet Union
(1941- Barbarossa)
a. Soviets being killed like
crazy
b. Siege of Leningrad - Slash &
Burn Retreat
2. Britain & U.S. Help Soviets
a. “I would favor the devil if it
was against Germany” –
Winston Churchill
b. FDR sends aid to Soviets
(Isolationist Mad) & U.S fear
communist more!!!
c. German has to fight on
both fronts!!!
-U.S. Britain in West – Soviets in East
3. Germany declares war on U.S.
after Pearl Harbor
a. SMART????? Why Not?
What happened to the
Soviet-German NONaggression pact???
C. Attacking the German Empire
1. Africa
a. German Gen. Rommel “Desert Fox”
-Kicked butt early
b. U.S. joins fight & Helps British
(U.S. bad)
c. Germany kicked out of Africa in 1942
2. Italy (1943)
a. Starts in Southern Italy with
Paratroopers & sea Landings
b. Mussolini Overthrown by
Landings on
Italians
Sicily…
-Executed & dragged through
practice for
Streets
later????
c. Germans still fight in Italy
against Allies (forced to keep
troops there)
3. D-Day (Normandy) June 6, 1944
a. Allies Invade France
(Operation Overlord)
-General Eisenhower
“Supreme Commander”
****Wrote failure letter just in case
-Germany had France for 4yrs.
-Builds huge Fortress along
coast to prevent an attack
b. Huge DEADLY attack –
150,000 men
-Dropped on Beach to face
machine guns
c. 1 Million more men in
France in 6 weeks!!!!!
U.S. Army troops administer first aid to
the survivors of sunken landing craft,
on "D-Day", 6 June 1944.
Coast Guard manned USS LST-21
unloads British Army tanks and trucks onto
a "Rhino" barge during the early hours of
the invasion, 6 June 1944
Landing ships putting cargo ashore on one of the invasion beaches, at
low tide during the first days of the operation, June 1944.
Coast Guard manned USS LST-21 unloads British Army tanks and
trucks onto a "Rhino" barge during the early hours of the invasion, 6
June 1944
U.S. Army troops administer first aid to the survivors of sunken
landing craft, on "D-Day", 6 June 1944.
Army troops wade ashore on "Omaha" Beach during
the "D-Day" landings, 6 June 1944.
U.S. Soldiers of the 8th Infantry Regiment, 4th Infantry Division, move
out over the seawall on "Utah" Beach, after coming ashore.
D. Germany is Defeated
1. Germany’s Last Chance- Battle of
the Bulge
a. Germany defeated but huge
battle
2. U.S & Britain Bomb Germany
a. U.S in Day & Britain in Night
(Deadly Job)
-Huge losses in factories & Supplies
3. Soviets start to win in East
a. Russian Winter Freezes
Germans (too far from base)
E. V-E Day (‘Victory Europe’)
1. Hitler’s Suicide – April 30, 1945
a. Germany Surrenders May 7,
1945
-Soviets capture Berlin
2. U.S. & Soviets meet 60mi south of
Berlin
a. Start of Communism v.
Democracy (Cold War)
Battle of the Bulge
Battle of the Bulge
Rifle and helmet: traditional tribute to a fallen soldier
Letter
• Look at letter
– Who was it written by? To? When?
– Just based on these three details, tell me
what you already know or can infer:
– Read through letter with partner, what do you
think the letter is about? Why was it written?
What did the author want?
Goal for the week
• With everything that we do, keep this in
mind:
– Was the United States justified in using an
atomic bomb on the cities of Hiroshima and
Nagasaki? (copy this down on BACK of notes
#5 on study guide)
– During video, take down notes about
Japanese civilians and Japanese soldiers!
Video
• Write descriptive words to show how it
would be to fight against Japan, or
descriptive words that are about Japan
5. What approach did the U.S. use to take back the Pacific from the
Japanese? Describe the approach to fighting taken by the Japanese that made
the battles so deadly. What U.S. general was in charge of defeating the
Japanese? Describe the events of Hiroshima and Nagasaki. Why did the U.S.
believe they needed to take these actions?
V. U.S. Island Hopping Japan to Defeat
A. Japan’s 6 Months of Victory
1. Pearl Harbor – Great Attack but
Misses _______
2. Japan Conquers Pacific & Asia
a. Philippines Taken (MacArthur- “I
shall return”)
b. Guam / Wake Is. /Singapore /
Hong Kong
3. Japanese Brutal to Prisoners &
Civilians
a. Executions / Starvation / Torture
(Bataan death march)
V. U.S. Island Hopping Japan to Defeat
A. Japan’s 6 months of victory
1. Pearl Harbor—Great attack but
missed ____________
2. Japan conquers Pacific and Asia
a. Philippines taken (MacArthur- “I
shall return”)
b. Guam/Wake/Singapore/Hong Kong
3. Japanese brutal to prisoners/civilians
a. Executions/starvation/torture
(Bataan Death March)
B. Island Hopping to Victory – General
McArthur
1. May & June 1942
a. Battle of Coral Sea & Battle of Midway
Japanese Aircraft Carriers sunk
2. Horrible Fights
a. Japanese fight to the Death (Suicide
attacks)
b. Battle of Iwo Jima (Flag Picture)
c. ‘Kamikaze’- Suicide Planes
On Okinawa, just 350 miles from Japan, a Marine dashes
through Japanese machine gun fire while crossing a draw,
called 'Death Valley' by the men fighting there. Marines
sustained more than 125 casualties in eight hours crossing
this valley. May 1945.
C. The Bomb – Hiroshima & Nagasaki
1. Manhattan Project
a. Secret project to build ‘Atomic
Bomb’
-Einstein told Roosevelt about
Germany’s plans/ ambitions for
one
b. Dr. Oppenheimer from Univ. of
California
-Plus a ton of others in secret cities Areas important to the building of
the bomb
2. Why????????
a. Japanese promise EVERY man,
woman and CHILD will fight to
DEATH!!!
b. President Truman told 1mill.
Soldiers might die
c. Already bombed Cities in
Japan & Germany
-Dresden in Germany ‘Fire Storm
Los Alamos, New Mexico was chosen
as the site to TEST the bomb due to its
geography and isolation
The ruins around the Industrial
Promotion Hall, now known as the
Atomic Bomb Dome in Hiroshima.
(Aug. 6, 1945)
3. When – August 1945
a. Truman warns- Prompt & Utter
Destruction
b. Hiroshima August 6, 1945
-Enola Gay dropped bomb ‘Little Boy
c. Nagasaki August 9, 1945
-Box Car drops ‘Fat Man’
d. 110,000 Killed + Radiation deaths
later
-U.S. studies bomb victims
On August 9, 1945, the
American B-29 bomber,
Bock's Car left Tinian
carrying Fat Man, a
plutonium implosion-type
bomb. It was dropped on
Nagasaki.
Paul Tibbets, Enola Gay Pilot
Enola Gay Crew
Hiroshima
Bomb victim
Nagasaki Bomb Damage
Atomic aftermath: the destruction of Hiroshima, Japan, after the bombing in
1945.
D. Japan Surrenders Aug. 14, 1945 V-J DAY
1. Emperor Announces surrender on radio
a. 1st time Japanese have heard his voice
2. Japan surrenders to McArthur on USS
Missouri
3. U.S. takes control of Japan & Creates new
Gov’t
E. Battle Results
1. Battle Dead
Britain
U.S.
Soviets
Japan
Soldiers
303,000
322,000
7,500,000
1,576,000
Civilians
85,000
0
20,000,000
300,000
b. unconditional surrender
-Both Germany and Japan
*Japan-U.S. military control
*Germany- Split sectors controlled by
Allies (Berlin in USSR sector but still
split)
-totally at mercy of victors
c. Soviets and U.S. WORLD POWERS
-Old European powers destroyed by war
ex. France and Britain
-Fascism dead, democracy must face the
“devil” (communism) narrated
USS Missouri
Gen. Douglas MacArthur signs as Supreme Allied Commander
during formal surrender ceremonies on the USS MISSOURI in
Tokyo Bay. September 2, 1945.
Provide a heading for each
picture!!!