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■ Essential Question: –What role did the United States play in fighting in Europe during World War II? ■ CPUSH Agenda for Unit 11.4: –Clicker Questions –“Fighting World War II” notes From 1939 to 1942, the Axis Powers dominated Europe, North Africa, & Asia Germany used blitzkrieg tactics to dominate Eastern & Western Europe England was wounded Hitler broke the from German attacks in Nazi-Soviet Nonaggression the Battle of Britain Pact & marched into Russia (1940) The German & Italian armies dominated Northern Africa, threatened the Suez Canal & the oil fields in the Middle East Erwin Rommel, “The Desert Fox”, commanded the Axis forces in Africa General George Patton commanded the Allied forces (3rd Armor Division) The Japanese dominated Asia, crippled the U.S. navy after the Pearl Harbor attack, & seized most Western colonies in the Pacific However, U.S. entrance into the war in 1941 helped the Allies turn the tide and defeat the Axis by 1945 FDR & Churchill agreed that defeating Hitler was the top priority, but American troops would be deployed to fight Japan at the same time In 1943, “The Big Three” met at the Tehran Conference to plan the D-Day invasion Stalin FDR Churchill To win in Europe, the The Allies won the U.S. had to secure the Battle of the Atlantic by trans-Atlantic supply lines breaking Germany’s against German submarines coded communications American & British troops invaded Italy, took Sicily in 1943, seized Rome in 1944 TheWhen Alliesthe defeated Germany Instead, Britain & USA USA entered Mussolini wasAxis atWWII, the Battle El Alamein Stalinof wanted the In 1945, agreed to fight the & executed by Western Powers in North Africa inAllies 1942to&open then apushed thecaptured Front divide out German army the Italian (Stalinresistance was angry ) Axis & Powers of Africa Meanwhile, the Soviet army The defeated The Soviet victory at Stalingrad wasSoviets a turning point stopped the German attackthe at Russians the German at in World War II because beganarmy pushing Moscow & Leningrad in 1942 the East Battle Stalingrad towards Germany from the byof1943 By 1944, the Allies decided to open a Western Front by invading Nazi-occupied France Operation Overlord (called D-Day) in June 1944 was the largest land & sea attack in history The Normandy invasion was deadly, but the Allied victory created a Western Front… The D-Day invasion landed on 5 beaches: Utah, Omaha, Gold, Juno and Sword America: Story of Us: D-Day …and allowed the At the same time, the Soviet Allies to push towards army pushed from the East Germany from the West Forced to fight a two-front war, By March 1945, the Hitler ordered the last German Allies were fighting in offensive of WWII at the Germany & pushing Battle of the Bulge...but lost towards Berlin In February 1945, the Stalin agreed to send troops “Big Three” met at the to help the U.S. invade Japan Yalta Conference to They agreed to allow selfcreate a plan for Europe determination (free elections) after the war was over in nations freed from Nazi rule They agreed to divide & occupy Germany after the war They agreed to create & join a United Nations As the Allies pushed into Germany & Poland, troops discovered & liberated concentration & death camps Liberation of Nazi Concentration Camps (2.16) In April 1945, the Soviet army captured Berlin On April 30, 1945, Hitler committed suicide On May 9, 1945, the German government signed an unconditional surrender to the Allies The world celebrated V-E Day (Victory in Europe)