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Conflicting Forces in Japan Chapter 12 Section 5 Japan (Land of Sushi) Expansion of Japanese Economy Japanese economy grew during World War I, based on the export of goods to the Allies and increased production At this time, Japan also expanded its influence throughout East Asia and sought further rights in China Additionally, Japan gained control of some former German possessions in China after the war Hirohito became emperor of Japan in 1926, and during his reign, the country experienced both success and tragedy Japanese Emperor Hirohito Democracy in Japan In the 1920s, the Japanese government moved toward greater democracy All adult men gained the right to vote, regardless of social class Despite greater democratic freedoms, the zaibatsu, a group of powerful business leaders, manipulated the politicians By donating to political parties, the zaibatsu were able to push for policies that favored their interests Discontent in Japan Peasants and factory workers did not share in the nation’s prosperity Young Japanese rejected tradition and family authority There was tension between the government and the military Discontent in Japan The Great Depression fed the discontent of the military and the extreme nationalists, or ultranationalists They resented Western limits on the expansion of Japan’s empire Economic Crisis in Japan As the economic crisis worsened, the ultranationalists set their sights on Manchuria in northern China In 1931, a group of Japanese army officers set explosives to blow up railroad tracks in Manchuria They blamed it on the Chinese and used it as an excuse to invade Manchuria Region of China Economic Crisis in Japan Without consulting government leaders, the military conquered Manchuria Politicians objected to the army’s actions, but the people sided with the military When the League of Nations condemned the invasion, Japan withdrew from the organization Power Increases in Japan Militarists and ultranationalists increased their power in the 1930s Extremists killed some politicians and business leaders who opposed expansion To please the ultranationalists, the government suppressed most democratic freedoms Japan planned to take advantage of China’s civil war and conquer the country World War II In 1939, however, World War II broke out in Europe The fighting spread quickly to Asia Earlier, Japan had formed an alliance with Germany and Italy In September, 1940, Japan’s leaders signed the Tripartite Pact linking Germany, Italy, and Japan together Together, the three nations formed the Axis Powers Powerpoint Questions 1. Who earned the right to vote? 2. Who became the Japanese emperor in 1926? 3. Explain zaibatsu. 4. What groups experienced growing tension among each other? 5. What were the extreme Japanese nationalists called? Powerpoint Questions 6. What area of China did Japan invade in 1931? 7. What side did the Japanese people support with respect to the invasion of China? 8. Who condemned the invasion? 9. What was Japan’s military goal toward China? 10. What three countries formed the Axis Powers in World War II? The End