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Dictator – a leader who gains complete
control of a country’s government.
Hitler’s Political party was
called the Nazi party.
They believed in fascism
(individual freedoms are
denied and complete power is
given to the government).
Adolf Hitler
Dictator of Germany - 1933
Their goals: to attack and conquer other
countries.
 Axis
Powers
 Allied
Powers
• Germany-Hitler
• Britain - Churchill
• Italy-Mussolini
• France
• Japan - Hirohito
• Poland
Who started it?
1. Germany threatened to invade Poland.
2. Britain and France said, “You better not,
or else…”
3. Germany ignored the treat and did it
anyway.
4. Britain and France declared war on
Germany.
5. Unfortunately, Germany quickly
conquered France and Poland.
Problem
 Winston Churchill (leader of Britain)
needed U.S. help!
 Americans didn’t want another World
War. (isolationism)
Solution
 Lend-Lease policy – The U.S. let Britain
borrow military supplies without
officially entering the war.
America
Spoke out against Japanese expansion
Japan
Thought the U.S. was standing in their way
Japanese bombed Pearl Harbor, Hawaii
Pearl Harbor, Hawaii
 Soviet
Union was ruled by
a dictator named Joseph
Stalin.
 Although Stalin had an
agreement with Hitler,
Hitler invaded the Soviet
Union.
 Stalin had no choice but to
join the Allied Powers.
Axis Powers
Italy
Germany
Japan
Allied Powers
Great Britain
United States of
America
Soviet Union
Canada
United States Draft Card
• The U.S. was not prepared for war.
• 10 million men were drafted
Supply and Demand
Allied Powers need weapons – We can
make them.
How did this get us out of the Great
Depression?
How did this impact our economy?
Serve in Military
Airplanes Pilots
Radio Operators
What were
the roles of
women
during
WWII?
Nurses
mechanics
Rosie the Riveter
athletes
What were
the roles of
African
Americans
during WWII?
Tuskegee Airmen
How did Americans help the war effort?
 Scrap drives
 Rationing
 Victory Gardens
The Japanese just bombed Pearl Harbor.
How did this make Americans feel about
the Japanese living in America?
Japanese
Internment Camps
Japanese Internment Camps
Manhattan Project –
code name given to the
effort to build an
atomic bomb.
Albert Einstein
D-Day (Date of Invasion)
 Who: General Dwight D. Eisenhower,
175,00 soldiers, and 6,000 ships.
 Where: Normandy, France
 What: The Allies fought their way onto
the beach and successfully invaded
Normandy, making their way toward
Germany.
 When: June 6, 1944
V-E Day (Victory in Europe) May 8, 1945;
Germany surrendered!! 
 The
United States and Soviet Union
invaded Germany at the same time from
two different locations.
 When Soviet Union neared Berlin, Hitler
killed himself
Iwo Jima (Now to invade Japan!)
 Strategy: Island hopping – capture the
most important islands from the
Japanese.
 The fighting on Iwo Jima was “the
toughest the Marines ran across in 168
years”
Why is this a good strategy?
V-J Day (Victory in Japan) August 14, 1945
 Harry S. Truman (New US President)
decided to use atomic bombs on Japan.
 WHY? This
might force Japan to
surrender and save American lives.
First Atomic Bomb used in war.
Second Atomic Bomb used in war.
The Nazi party had a strict policy of anti-Semitism (the
hatred of Jews).
Laws limited the rights of Jews in Germany.
During WWII Nazi leaders decided to destroy the entire
Jewish population of Europe.
When German forces captured a country, they arrested all
Jews who lived there.
They were taken to concentration camps.
 50
countries met and formed the United
Nations
 Purpose: To promote global cooperation
to try to avoid such terrible wars in the
future.