Download WWII

WWII
1939-1945
ALLIES
•Poland (1939)
•Britain (1939)
•France(1939)
•Soviet Union (1941)
•U.S. (1941)
•China (1941)
AXIS
•Germany (1939)
•Italy(1940)
•Japan (1940)
•Soviet Union (19391941)
THEATERS
• Europe
• N. Atlantic Ocean
• North Africa
• Southeast Asia
• China
• Pacific Ocean
• Japan (air)
•Rise in German Military
•Issues over territory (land)
•German harsh “guilt clause”
•Great Depression hurt all
countries. Allowed Hitler
and the Nazi party to rise
•League of Nations was too
relaxed on enforcing global
leadership
•Japan wanted to be a world
power
–Invaded China and angered
US.
–US helped China (oil)
LEND-LEASE ACT
• F.D.R President
• US again wanted to remain
neutral.
• They were helping the allied
powers by “lending” money
and war supplies.
• Hurt Japan. (fight for oil)
WAR TIMELINE
•Sept.1939: Germany
invades Poland
•France, Britain declare
war on Germany.
•Soviet Union joins
Germany
WAR TIMELINE
•Aug. 1940: Japan
joins Germany, Italy
•June 1941: Germany
invades Soviet Union.
•Soviet Union joins
Allied powers
PEARL
Harbor
Pearl Harbor
•December 7, 1941
•Japan surprise attacks
naval fleet in Pearl
Harbor, Hawaii
•Wake the sleeping giant
•Mission not
accomplished
Pearl Harbor
•December 8, 1941:
declare war on Japan
•Dec. 11: Germany
declares war on US
•Feb. 1942: FDR has
Japanese-Americans held
for duration of war
Battle of Midway
•June 1942: US sinks 4
of the best Japanese
aircraft carriers
•Turning point of the
war
WAR TIMELINE
•Sept 8, 1943: Italy
surrenders
•D-Day: June 6, 1944
–US invades Normandy
–Germany surrenders after
much death and fighting
WAR TIMELINE
•April 30, 1945: Hitler
commits suicide with
his wife
•May 1945: Germany
surrenders completely
Nagasaki
Tokyo Fire
Raid
Average
of 93
Attacks
on Cities
Dead/Missi
70,000-80,000
ng
35,000-40,000
83,000
1,850
Wounded
70,000
40,000
102,000
1,830
Population
Density
35,000 per sq mile
65,000 per sq mile
130,000 per
?
sq mile
Total
Casualties
140,000-150,000
75,000-80,000
185,000
Area
Destroyed
4.7 sq mile
1.8 sq mile
15.8 sq mile 1.8 sq mile
Attacking
Platform
1 B-29
1 B-29
334 B-29s
B-29s
Weapon(s)
'Tall Boy' 15 kT
(15,000 tons of TNT)
'Fat Man' 21 kT
(21,000 tons of TNT)
1,667 tons
1,129 tons
Target
Hiroshima
3,680
Super Weapon
•Quick and easy end. (less
American loss)
•Firebombed Tokyo (Apr-June)
•Aug. 6, 1945: dropped “Little
Boy” on Hiroshima and
destroyed the city.
Super Weapon
•Japan would not reply for call
of surrender
•Aug. 9, 1945: dropped “Fat
Man” on Nagasaki.
•Aug. 15: Japan surrendered
HOLOCAUST
Holocaust
•Organized mass murder
•12 million dead (2/3 Jewish)
•Open-air killings of citizens
•1942: “Final Solution” Kill all
Jews in Europe
Holocaust
•6 extermination camps
•Gassed or shot immediately
•Some were worked to death
•Few survived
•Many children murdered
Technology
•“This is a war of machines,
and of ships and airplanes
powered by oil. This is an oil
war.”
•Texas supplied 80% of oil
Technology
•Nuclear weapons
•Radar
•Jet engines
•Blimp
•Electronic computers
•Side note (story of internet)
TEXAS
• Discovered way to make
rubber from petroleum
• Rural families moved to
cities for work
• African American soldiers
still denied equal treatment
Dorie Miller
• African American who
fired on Japan at Pearl
Harbor
• First to be honored for
service to America
Oveta Culp Hobby
• Commander of women’s
army corp. WAC
• Government supported
her enlisting women
• 1,074 women pilots
TEXAS
• Women allowed to do
male jobs
• Fired once men returned
• African Americans paid
less money for same jobs
Victory Gardens
• Planted own small
gardens for food
• Rationed and sent all
other crops
• Gas, meat, sugar, tires
ENDING
•Aug 15, 1945
•Baby boomers
•62% adult pop. Married
•African Americans not
willing to be treated
unfairly anymore
DEATH
• 62 million dead
• 60% innocent civilians
Results
• Redrawing of national
boundaries
• New nations
• End of British/European
power
• US and Soviet Super powers
• (Cold War)