* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Download PowerPoint - (www.ramsey.k12.nj.us).
Aftermath of World War II wikipedia , lookup
World War II by country wikipedia , lookup
World War II and American animation wikipedia , lookup
Pursuit of Nazi collaborators wikipedia , lookup
Appeasement wikipedia , lookup
Technology during World War II wikipedia , lookup
Propaganda in Nazi Germany wikipedia , lookup
World War II casualties wikipedia , lookup
Western betrayal wikipedia , lookup
Allied plans for German industry after World War II wikipedia , lookup
Allied Control Council wikipedia , lookup
Nazi Germany wikipedia , lookup
New Order (Nazism) wikipedia , lookup
Diplomatic history of World War II wikipedia , lookup
Economy of Nazi Germany wikipedia , lookup
Foreign relations of the Axis powers wikipedia , lookup
Allies of World War II wikipedia , lookup
British propaganda during World War II wikipedia , lookup
Consequences of Nazism wikipedia , lookup
European theatre of World War II wikipedia , lookup
End of World War II in Europe wikipedia , lookup
World War II and the Holocaust 1. What roles did imperialism, nationalism, and ethnocentrism have? 2. Could WWII have been prevented? 1. Causes of WWII I. Communist Revolution in Russia A. 1917 B. world wide fear of communism spreading II.End of WWI A. 1919-1930s period of unrest in Europe 1. Unstable democracy in Germany Causes of WWII A. Treaty of Versailles 1. ended the war 2. Germany forced to pay $ 56 billion in reparations: payment for damages caused by the war. 3. Weakened German military 4. Loss of ethnic German territory Causes of WWII Article 231 The Allied and Associated Governments affirm and Germany accepts the responsibility of Germany and her allies for causing all the loss and damage to which the Allied and Associated Governments and their nationals have been subjected as a consequence of the war imposed upon them by the aggression of Germany and her allies. Causes of WWII III. The Great Depression A. 1930s B. C. high unemployment inability to pay debts The Rise of Hitler VI. The rise of Hitler A. Promises – “right the wrongs” of the Treaty of Versailles 1. economic relief – blamed Jews for problems 2. prevent spread of communism – Germans did not want gov’t to take property 3. restore nationalism B. Appointed to office in 1933 The Rise of Hitler C. Fascism strongly anti-Communist 1. strong nationalism (“We are the best” attitude) 2. dictatorship established 3. power is absolute 4. uses military for power 5. suppress opposition with secret police D. Used propaganda to spread ideas Propaganda “The attention span of the masses is very short, their understanding limited; they easily forget. For that reason effective propaganda has to concentrate on very few points and drive them home through simple slogans until even the simplest can grasp what you have in mind.” - Adolf Hitler Propaganda Acts of Aggression V. Acts of Aggression A. Why 1. wanted to unite all German speaking people 2. needed more “living space” for “superior race” Acts of Aggression B. Appeasement: policy adopted by Allies which caused them to make concessions to Germany in order to preserve peace. Acts of Aggression VI. Actions A. 1933: 1. strengthened military 2. against T of V B. 1936: 1. formed an alliance with Italy 2. also fascist gov’t C. 1938: 1. invaded Austria 2. many German speaking people D. 1938-9: 1. given Sudetenland 2. seized all of Czechoslovakia E. 1939: 1. non-aggression pact signed with Soviets 2. invaded Poland 3. war declared by GB 4. alliance with Poland 5. France allied with GB The Major Players “The Bad Guys” Leaders of the Axis Powers Germany Adolf Hitler Japan Emperor Hirohito Italy Benito Mussolini The Major Players “The Good Guys” Leaders of the Allied Powers France Great Britain USSR Charles De Winston Churchill Gaulle Franklin D. Roosevelt Josef Stalin Harry Truman USA The World At War I. European Theater 1.1941 a. Germany invades USSR b. “Battle of Britain” c. Germany declares war on USA 2.1942-3 a. Soviets stop Germans at Stalingrad b. Allies advance in North Africa, invade Italy The World At War 3. 1944 a. June 6 -> “DDay;” Allies land in France b. Soviets advance to the west 4. 1945 a. Germany surrenders The World At War II. Pacific Theater 1.1937 a. Japanese launch major drive into China 2.1940 a. Japan joins alliance with Italy and Germany 3.1941 a. December 7-> attack on Pearl Harbor The Pacific Theater The Pacific Theater 4. 1942 a. Japanese empire at its height b. Tide turns, Americans advance 5. 1945 a. Japanese econ collapses b. August 6 & 9 -> atomic bombs-> dropped on Hiroshima & Nagasaki (200,000 killed) c. August 14 -> Japan surrenders 2. The Holocaust I. The Nazis A. Beliefs 1. Germans are “racially superior” 2. struggle between them and “inferior races” (Jews, Roma (“gypsies”), handicapped) The Holocaust a. threaten biological purity b. had to be exterminated 3. Jews a. scapegoat: group blamed for problems b. why? 1. 2. 3. centuries of anti- Semitism not able to fight back used propaganda The Holocaust 4. Other inferiors a. Slavic peoples 1. Poles, Russians, etc. 2. destined for slave labor b. political enemies 1. communist 2. socialist c. social enemies 1. Jehovah’s Witnesses 2. homosexuals Hitler’s 4 Step Process B. Treatment 1. Identified 2. Restricted 3. Separated 4. Exterminated The Holocaust II. The Holocaust 1. 1933-1945 2. definition: the systematic annihilation of 6 million Jews by the Nazis 3. 5 million others killed 4. occurred over time The Holocaust E. done in secret 1. euphemisms used to hide the truth 2. victims were fooled to prevent resistance 3. disbelief that something like this could happen The Holocaust III. Methods of genocide A. handicapped 1. late 1930s 2. lethal injection 3. poisonous gas B. mobile killing units 1. 1941 Soviet invasion 2. shot people in fields and ravines The Holocaust C. Extermination centers 1. est. in Poland 2. killed by gassing 3. bodies cremated 4. conducted systematically: a. carried on using step-bystep procedures; orderly b. victims deported to centers from W. Europe The Holocaust D. Other deaths occurred in concentration camps and ghettos 1. forced labor 2. starvation 3. exposure 4. brutality 5. disease 6. execution The Holocaust IV. Reaction A. By 1942 US & GB know, but did not react 1. anti-Semitism 2. fear of massive influx of refugees 3. goal was to defeat Germany 4. 1944 some rescue efforts made B. Some Europeans collaborated with the Nazis C. Some people resisted and aided those persecuted. 3. How it all Ends A. 1945 I. German and Italian troops begin surrendering throughout Europe II. Concentrations camps are liberated III. Hitler commits suicide IV. USA dropped two atomic bombs on Japan days apart V. Japanese agree to unconditional surrender The Final Count B. World War II Casualties I. Total for Allies Powers – 9,186,111 II. Total for Axis Powers – 5,380,000 III. Total in war – 60,000,000 (killed & wounded) IV. USA Killed – 418,000 V. USA Wounded – 670,846 C. Holocaust Causalities I. Approximately 6,000,000 Jews II. Approximately 5,000,000 Non-Jews (POWs, Roma, mentally/physically disabled) The Final Count Other Outcomes IV. Post-War Effects A. End of colonialism 1. Increased nationalism 2. Fighting for democracy/against dictatorships 3. European powers too weak to maintain colonies Other Outcomes B. Cold War 1. USA/USSR emerge as two strongest nations 2. Resume mistrust of each other 3. “Iron Curtain” falls over Eastern Europe (Soviet occupation zones Other Outcomes 4. Communists led by Mao Zedong defeat nationalists in Chinese Civil War Other Outcomes C. State of Israel founded (1948) as home for Holocaust refugees D. United Nations is founded to help promote world peace and cooperation