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WORLD WAR II European Battles Part I Key Terms Appeasement- giving concessions in order to prevent conflicts. Non-aggression pact- Russia and Germany would not attack each other. Created by L. Carreon Alliance Systems Axis powers- Germany, Italy, and Japan. They wanted totalitarian governments, hated democracy and felt superior. Allied powers- France, England, and U.S. Created by L. Carreon Hitler’s Conquests Austria is taken over in 1938. In the Munich Conference, Prime Minister Neville Chamberlain gives Hitler Sudetenland in order to appease Hitler. It failed. Albania was invaded by Italy. Poland is invaded in 1939 which starts World War II Created by L. Carreon German Successes (1939-1940) Conquest of Poland - Blitzkrieg Lighting War- massive air bombing. Denmark and Norway are taken over by submarine warfare. Supplies are withheld. France- the Maginot line was destroyed. It was supposed to stop the Germans. Created by L. Carreon German’s Successes (1939-1940) Dunkirk- British are forced to retreat. They could have lost all their men. Vichy, France becomes the headquarters for Germany. Charles De Gaulle tries to free France. Created by L. Carreon England stands alone from 1940 to 1941 Winston Churchill Created by L. Carreon Winston Churchill becomes the new prime minister of England He changes the strategy of the war. He is able to stop Hitler from conquering other countries. The Battle of Britain It changes the scope of the war. The Royal Air Force was able to push Hitler and his soldiers out of England. He was not able to conquer it again. Radar was used to defeat Germany. Created by L. Carreon Hitler breaks nonaggression pact Hitler breaks the Non-aggression pact by invading Russia in 1941. The Russians retaliate by burning all supplies and buildings. This is called the land-scorched policy. This forces the German soldiers out of Russia. Leading to decline of the German military campaign. Created by L. Carreon Atlantic Charters 1941 FDR and Churchill meet no territorial gains respect the rights of people no use of force United Nations established Created by L. Carreon Pearl Harbor bombed on December 7, 1941 Created by L. Carreon Pearl Harbor is bombed by the Japanese. The Americans did not enter the war earlier due to the Depression However, President Franklin D. Roosevelt finally asked for approval to declare war on the Axis powers. Battle of Stalingrad 1942 Russia defeats Germany in the Battle of Stalingrad It pushed the Germans back to Berlin. It proved that Russia had a strong army. Russia moved towards Germany Created by L. Carreon Battle of Alamein-1942 General Bernand Montgomery defeated the Axis powers in the Battle of Alamein in Egypt. General Dwight D. Eisenhower fought Erwin Rommel who was the Desert Fox . The Allied Powers defeated Italy and Germany. This was the first major defeat for Germany and Italy. Created by L. Carreon The defeat of Italy This defeat forced Italy to withdraw from the war. Mussolini is executed in 1945. Created by L. Carreon Mussolini and his mistress are hanged Tehran Conference-1943 Churchill and FDR meet to discuss the invasion of Normandy, France and stopping Germany. Created by L. Carreon Stalin FDR Churchill Battle of Normandy1944 Gen. Dwight Eisenhower Created by L. Carreon Eisenhower recaptured Normandy, and later the rest of France, and is basically free from German control. It is known as D-Day. General Omar Bradley & George Patton led the advances The Battle of the Bulge1944 The Americans captured the 1st German town, Aachen. The Germans broke-up the Allies line of defense. The German soldiers killed many prisoners. After many days of fighting, the Germans suffered large casualties and destruction of weapons. Created by L. Carreon Japanese Battles Part II Battle of Coral Sea-1942 1942- Coral Sea – US & Australia stopped Japan from invading Australia Created by L. Carreon Battle of Midway-1944 The Americans destroyed many of the Japanese carriers. US defeated the Japanese. US avenged Pearl Harbor US was island hopping by winning back lost territories. Created by L. Carreon Battle of Iwo Jima-1945 Battle of Iwo Jima (sulfur island).It was an important victory because the Americans could use the island to launch bombers to Japan Created by L. Carreon Battle of Okinawa-1945 Created by L. Carreon Japan unleashed a huge amount of fire power on the Allies . The Allies lost 7,600 lives but Japan lost 110,000 lives The Generals in War Created by L. Carreon Douglass Mac Arthur took over Guadacanal, Iwo Jima, and Okinawa. The Generals in War Lieutenant Colonel James Doolittle led the bombing in Japan Created by L. Carreon The Generals in War Created by L. Carreon Military leaders for Japan were Tojo Emperor Hirohito Yalta Conference-1945 Created by L. Carreon Churchill and FDR decide to fight Japan. The deal was that Germany would be divided into 3 zones and free elections would be held in Eastern Europe. (April 1945 - FDR dies). Harry S. Truman-1945 F.D.R. dies and is replaced by Harry S Truman. Truman orders the dropping of the Atomic bomb on Hiroshima and Nagasaki which forces the Japanese to surrender. Created by L. Carreon End of the war-1945 In 1945, Germany surrenders when the British and Americans crossed the Rhine River. Hitler commits suicide on April 30, 1945. Created by L. Carreon Atomic Bombs They were dropped on Hiroshima and Nagaski. This forced Japan to surrender which ended World War II. V-J Day (victory in Japan) on August 1945. Created by L. Carreon Causes and Results of World War II Part IV Causes of World War II Hitler wanted to control and spread the Aryan Race League of Nations refused to stop Hitler the totalitarian governments wanted to stop Communism and democracy the depression forced the countries to fight League of Nations could not handle the diplomatic problems Created by L. Carreon Results of World War II Cold War- United States against Russia Atomic age used to control diplomatic problems 40 million people died 4 trillion dollars spent on the war The holocaust forced people to realize that whole cultures could be destroyed Created by L. Carreon Significant Facts Part III Contributions of Servicemen Created by L. Carreon 99th Pursuit Squadron-Tuskegee Airmen were pilots & AfricanAmericans who successfully stopped the German pilots in Italy. Contributions of Servicemen The 442nd Regimental Combat Team who were JapaneseAmericans were highly decorated for their bravery in battles in Italy & North Africa. Created by L. Carreon Contributions of Servicemen 141st Regiment, 36th Division who were Mexican-Americans were highly decorated. Created by L. Carreon Contributions of Servicemen Navajo Code Breakers helped with creating a secret code. They spoke in their language to get information to the soldiers. The Japanese couldn’t break the codes. Created by L. Carreon Scientific Progress radar, guide missiles Jet-propelled planes magnetic mines airplanes atomic bombs Semi-conductors computers Created by L. Carreon Scientific Progress Soldiers’ rations Code Breaking Parachutes Transistor radios Software programs Video games Weather tracking, air traffic control Created by L. Carreon Facts related to the war spread of Communism 40 million people died Japan and Germany collapsed and the new super powers are Russia and the United States Created by L. Carreon