* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Download World War II: Part 1
Technology during World War II wikipedia , lookup
German–Soviet Axis talks wikipedia , lookup
Pursuit of Nazi collaborators wikipedia , lookup
Consequences of the attack on Pearl Harbor wikipedia , lookup
Nazi Germany wikipedia , lookup
Nazi views on Catholicism wikipedia , lookup
British propaganda during World War II wikipedia , lookup
World War II by country wikipedia , lookup
Appeasement wikipedia , lookup
Economy of Nazi Germany wikipedia , lookup
Fascism in Europe wikipedia , lookup
Mediterranean and Middle East theatre of World War II wikipedia , lookup
Role of music in World War II wikipedia , lookup
Consequences of Nazism wikipedia , lookup
World War II and American animation wikipedia , lookup
Invasion of Normandy wikipedia , lookup
Foreign relations of the Axis powers wikipedia , lookup
New Order (Nazism) wikipedia , lookup
Home front during World War II wikipedia , lookup
Western betrayal wikipedia , lookup
Allies of World War II wikipedia , lookup
End of World War II in Europe wikipedia , lookup
Diplomatic history of World War II wikipedia , lookup
World War II World Studies January 12 I. Attack on Poland Germany was very prepared for the invasion – Blitzkrieg: lightning war Fighter planes and tanks roared into Poland from the west – Nazi-Soviet Non-Aggression Pact was signed in 1939 and agreed that Hitler and Stalin would not stand in each other’s way and would divide Poland Stalin attacked from the east, as agreed II. The Phony War The French know they’re next – Waiting behind the Maginot Line (a network of underground tunnels & forts) The British send troops to back them up – They sit & wait for over 6 months – Hitler makes them wait - goes for Norway, Denmark, Netherlands, & Belgium – Takes each quickly, then turns to France III. The Axis Powers Grow When the Germans come, French aren’t ready for blitzkrieg – Expected trench warfare – The Maginot Line proves worthless as the Germans attack through Belgium again – Brits retreat Italy attacks France from the south Paris falls in June 1940 Germany controls the north & the Vichy Government is established in the south – Charles de Gaulle leads freedom fighters in France against both Fighting in Africa – General Erwin Rommel (aka the Desert Fox) was a brilliant leader & pushes the allies out of their colonies across North Africa Most of Europe is under Axis control – Resistance & guerilla fighting throughout Europe - 1941 IV. Technology continues to advance Airplanes play a much larger role in this war – More accurate bombing – Parachuting troops Radar/sonar make detecting airplanes/uboats more accurate V. The British Churchill replaces Chamberlain as prime minister of Great Britain – Hitler had hoped for a surrender, Churchill refused Operation Sea Lion – massive air strike against Great Britain – At first the Germans only attacked military bases – Started bombing cities full of civilians when GB wouldn’t surrender Encryption was very important since so many messages were intercepted – Germans had Enigma, British had Ultra VI. Russia When Sea Lion was unsuccessful, Hitler began Operation Barbarossa – attack on Russia – Breaking the non-aggression pact & beginning a 2 front war – Germans marched in and took Russians by surprise – Germany is on the verge of success – then winter comes & Germans aren’t prepared Germans surround the city of Leningrad, trapping the people for 2 ½ years – No supplies can get in, Russians starve – Germans can’t quite win Stalin looks to the Allies for help VII. America Congress passed Neutrality Acts to keep America out of European troubles FDR found ways around the laws – Lend-Lease Act (1941): lending things which would be returned later – Secretly met w/ Churchill on a ship VIII. Japan attacks the US Japan wants a Pacific empire – They were greeted as heroes in colonies, but they were very cruel Japan purchased its war materials (steel, oil, etc) from the US US didn’t want Japan to take over China The US gave Japan an ultimatum; get out of China or we are cutting you off – Catch 22 Withdrawal from China = no empire No war supplies = no empire – Decided to fight rather than give in General Tojo Hideki orders an attack on Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941 – Destroyed 19 ships, all the planes & killed 2,400 people Four days later the US Congress declares war IX. Turning Points Power shifts in North Africa – The British stop Rommel’s advance in Egypt & begin pushing him west – US troops under Eisenhower enter Morocco & push east – The Nazis get surrounded & are forced to surrender in May 1943 From Africa the Allies can enter Italy from the south – The Italians overthrow Mussolini & sign an armistice – Hitler refuses to let them & sends his troops to put Mussolini back in power – Fighting Italy weakened the Nazi Army Hitler’s troops are stalled in Leningrad, so they try to take the city of Stalingrad – Stalin sends Russian troops to surround the Nazis – The Nazis can’t win & can’t get supplies Germany loses over 300,000 soldiers giving the Red Army the advantage Nazis are pushed out of Russia X. D-Day By 1944 the Allies are ready to take back France & truly open a 2nd front – On June 6, 1944 (D-day) 176,000 Allied troops cross the English Channel to Normandy In the night others had been dropped by parachute Fight a bloody battle and begin advancing on Paris By the end of September the Allies had regained France XI. Nazi Defeat Battle of the Bulge (December 1944) Germany makes a last stand – Hitler’s last success; only a delay Allies marched on Germany from both sides; meet outside Berlin in April Germany surrendered May 8, 1945 – V-E Day XII. Pacific Theater The Japanese were very successful up until May 1942 – Battles of Coral Sea and Midway Allies begin pushing them back Despite many losses the Japanese refuse to discuss surrender By mid-1945 it was clear Japan couldn’t win – Still had a dedicated military of 2 million – Allies planned to invade, but knew it would cost many lives Science offers an alternative to invasion – Truman told Japan to surrender or else – When they don’t he has atomic bombs dropped on Hiroshima and Nagasaki Japan Surrenders Holocaust 1933-1939 – Enabling Act – Nuremburg Laws – Kristallnacht – Eugenics Programs Selective breeding, sterilization programs – Concentration Camps Political prisoners, homosexuals, Jehovah’s witnesses Holocaust 1939-1945 – Kill handicap patients – Einsatzgruppen – Ghettos – Wannsee Conference Transit, Work and Death Camps “Final Solution”