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Clues About Evolution What is a paleontologist? • A paleontologist is a scientist that studies ancient life by looking for and examining fossils. What are the five types of fossils? • • • • • Imprint fossils Mineralized fossils Frozen fossils Amber fossils Cast fossils Why are most fossils found in sedimentary rock? • Igneous and metamorphic rocks are created by exposure to heat. This heat would destroy any pant or animal tissues before they could fossilize. Because new rock forms on top of old rock, fossils found in the lower layers of sedimentary rock will almost always be older. Of all the plants and animals that have ever lived on Earth, 99 % are now extinct. Various Fossils Other Supporting Evidence • The embryos of fish, birds, reptiles, and mammals are virtually indistinguishable from each other early in their development. Homologous Structures • Body parts that animals have in common even though they might be different variations of the same thing. Vestigial Structures: body parts that animals have in common even though they may never used them. DNA • Similar DNA among species suggest a common ancestor somewhere along the evolutionary line. More Fossils…