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KENYA International Training Course on Tropical Cyclone: 5th– 16th Dec. 2011, WMO Regional Training Center, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China Ismael M. Lutta [email protected] Meteorologist Kenya Meteorological Department Kenya OUTLINE Introduction Climate of Kenya Infrastructure Cities Tourism Agriculture Kenya Meteorological Dept. Tropical Cyclones KENYA • • • • • • Area: Approx. 582650 km2 , 47 Counties & 42 tribes Capital City : Nairobi Pop: Approx. 40M Religion: Majority are Christians Features: Lakes, Mountains, Rivers • Political: Democratic • Economic: Mainly (1) agriculture. (2) Tourism (3) established financial & educational institutions (4) Manufacturing KENYA CLIMATE • Bi-modal Rainfall Pattern • Kenya receives an annual average rainfall of 790mm curtsey of commopress.blogspot.com INFRASTRUCTURE KENYAN CITIES KENYAN TOURISM …Cont AGRICULTURE KENYA OBSERVATORIES CLIMATE SYSTEM Tropical climate-Hot and humid at the coast, temperate inland. Average temperatures 20-300C. Northern parts semi arid while the rest of the country receives approximately 1000mm of rainfall per year. Two rainy seasons (MAM and OND) Controlling systems: subtropical highs, Congo forest, local relief (lakes) and the oceans ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE Service Department headed by : Director 4 Deputy Directors. 9 Senior Assistant directors 39 Assistant Directors The rest of officers include Meteorologists, Met technologist, engineers and other support staff totalling to about 600 Organization and structures Observational networks Derived from Strategic plan STRATEGIC VISION, MISSION Vision To be the leading world-class Operational Forecasting Centre and Scientific Institution contributing to high quality of life. Mission To provide and facilitate accessible Meteorological Information and Services and infusion of Scientific Knowledge to spur social-economic growth and development. OBJECTIVES To improve monitoring of meteorological elements and atmospheric pollution; and detection of climate change To provide more accurate and timely meteorological information and services; Transform KMD into a Semi-Autonomous Government Agency (SAGA) Enhance Human Capital Improve awareness among users of meteorological information and services for enhanced applications Enhance Research for Development … cont’d Relocate KMD Hqs and TX station to the new site at Ngong to create space for expansion of WMO-RTC. Upgrade the WMO Regional Training Centre (RTC)-Nairobi Establish a Regional Meteorological Research Centre (RMRC) CHALLENGES Inadequate observational network Poor communication , dissemination and processing systems Underfunding by the government Rapid changes in technology Lack of incentives for research and development Succession management problems SITUATIONAL ANALYSIS Weaknesses The Weaknesses that the Department experiences that impact negatively on efficiency and effective service delivery include: Underfunding to the Department; Poor succession management due to embargo on recruitment; Inadequate meteorological facilities and equipment; Inadequate physical facilities; Lack of sufficient space for expansion of Meteorological Infrastructure at the Hqs; Poor perception of meteorological services at all levels; Lack of Quality Assurance;. Lack of legal and institutional Framework; Lack of incentives for Research and Development SITUATIONAL ANALYSIS cont… Threats Rapid changes in technologies a) Meteorological instruments and equipment development b) ICT c) Uncontrolled dissemination of meteorological information by institutions Slow pace of transformation to a SAGA Emerging competitors in the provision of meteorological services SITUATIONAL ANALYSIS cont… Impacts of HIV/AIDS, Malaria pandemic and other diseases on customers; and staff Government policy that imposes a levy on staff that are on training for more than 28 days; Poor remuneration; Interference of transmission signals through construction of buildings around the transmitting station at Industrial Area site; Loss of meteorological station land to private developers; Vandalism on meteorological installations; and Gender imbalance. Tropical Cyclones • The socio-economic impact of tropical cyclones is considerable. • The assessment of climate change effects on tropical cyclones is necessary, both in terms of occurrences and tracks. • Cyclone activity may be affected by the changes in SST. • For instance, ENSO is known to influence TCs frequency in different ocean basins. • The impacts of long-term SST trends on the cyclone frequency in each ocean basin need to be documented. TROPICAL CYCLONE MONITERING TOOLS MONITORING, DETECTION & FORECASTING OF TCs HRM MODEL USED IN FORECASTING WAY FORWARD 1) Expansion and modernization of the existing observational network. 2) Improvement and modernization of telecommunication, processing and archival of data and forecasting and dissemination of weather products 3) Fast-track the privatisation process 4) Recruitment of new staff END THANK YOU, AHSANTENI, XIEXIE