Survey
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Adaptations & supporting policies for food security and livelihoods Based on……. Outline • General types of adaptations needed • An adaptation framework • Win-win adaptations • Supporting policies Adaptations need • To minimise and fill the gap Poorly-managed fisheries Quantity of fish/habitat a) Fish needed by growing population Fish habitat Fish Fish available available from from coastal stocks stocks Gap in supply of fish to be filled Time Well-managed fisheries Quantity of fish/habitat b) Fish needed by growing population Fish habitat Fish available from stocks Fish available from coastal stocks Time Adaptation decision framework Addresses climate change Near-term Loss Near-term Gain Addresses present drivers Long-term Loss Lose-Lose Long-term Gain Lose-Win X X Win-Lose Win-Win X x X After Grafton (2010) Adaptations to minimise the gap Poorly-managed fisheries Quantity of fish/habitat a) Fish needed by growing population Fish habitat Fish Fish available available from from coastal stocks stocks Gap in supply of Time Well-managed fisheries Quantity of fish/habitat b) Fish needed by growing population Fish habitat Fish available from stocks Fish available from coastal stocks Time Avoid fish to bethis filled Avoid this L-L W-L L-W Win-win adaptations W-W Improves resilience of coral reef, mangrove and seagrass habitats Manage and restore vegetation cover in catchments L-L W-L L-W Win-win adaptations W-W Maintaining spawning adults will help ensure replenishment and build resilience of key species Sustain production of fish stocks Adaptations to fill the gap Poorly-managed fisheries Quantity of fish/habitat a) Fish needed by growing population Fish habitat Fish Fish available available from from coastal stocks stocks Gap in supply of fish to be filled Time Well-managed fisheries Quantity of fish/habitat b) Fish needed by growing population Fish habitat Fish available from stocks Fish available from coastal stocks Time L-L W-L L-W W-W Win-win adaptations Increase access to tuna with anchored inshore Fish Aggregating Devices (FADs) L-L L-W W-L W-W Win-win adaptations Improve post-harvest methods Photo: Jocelyn Carlin L-L W-L L-W W-W Win-win adaptations Develop pond aquaculture in rural and peri-urban areas Photo: Ben Ponia L-L L-W W-L W-W Win-win adaptations ? Develop coastal fisheries for small pelagic species Photo: Nathalie Behring Other adaptations L-L L-W W-L W-W Provide for landward migration of coastal fish habitats Other adaptations L-L L-W W-L W-W Reduce and diversify catches of demersal fish Greater focus on herbivorous fish Other adaptations L-L L-W W-L W-W Allow for expansion of freshwater fish habitats Suggested supporting policies • Strengthen governance of agriculture, forestry and mining practices to prevent soil loss and pollution, to safeguard fish habitats and water quality • Minimise barriers to migration of coastal and freshwater habitats • Promote mangrove replanting programmes • Apply ‘primary fisheries management’ to coastal fisheries to maintain their potential for replenishment Suggested supporting policies • Restrict export of demersal fish to retain them for national food security • Increase access to tuna for the food security by reducing national allocations to industrial fleets • Capitalise on opportunities for freshwater pond aquaculture • Limit farming of Nile tilapia to catchments where tilapia species are already established, or there is a shortage of fish Key investments Surveys of best sites for installing inshore FADs Programmes to install and maintain FADs Identify prime locations for peri-urban and rural pond aquaculture Hatcheries and networks to deliver juveniles Evaluate merits of micro-credit schemes to develop fisheries around FADs; expand pond aquaculture; and scale-up post-harvest processing Conclusions • Win-win adaptations are available to reduce risks and capitalise on opportunities • Supporting policies and investments are needed • Integrate adaptations and policies and investments into national strategies and action plans for climate change, including communitybased actions supported by partners