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Skeletal System
Function/Structure
Diseases/Disorders
First Aid/Emergency Illness
Function of the Skeletal System
 Framework that supports the body and protects vital
organs.
 Providing movable levers which the muscles can pull
to move different parts of the body.
 Bone marrow produces red and white blood cells
 Storehouse for minerals, calcium and phosphorous
Structure
Information
206 Bones (Adult)
Axial – 80
Appendicular – 126
Structure Cont.
Types of Bones
Types of Joints
Long
production of red/white blood
cells: humerus and femur
Ball & Socket
Short
wrist and ankles
Flat
protective: skull and ribs
Irregular
complex shape/protection:
vertebrates
Hinge
Pivot
Condyloid
Sliding/Gliding
Saddle
Structure Cont..
Ligaments
connective tissue that holds bone to bone
Tendons
connective tissue that attaches muscle to bone
Cartilage
strong flexible connective tissue; provides
smooth movement and cushions joints
Diseases/Disorders
Osteoporosis – condition following menopause, lack
of calcium absorption
Scoliosis/Lordosis/Kyphosis – abnormal curves of
the vertebras
Arthritis – swelling and stiffness in bone joints
Bone Cancer – a secondary illness as a result of
another cancer that has spread
Gout – metabolic disorder where a build-up of uric
acid
Ricketts – vitamin D/calcium deficiency
First Aid & Emergency Illness
Fractures
Open/Compound
Closed/Simple
Dislocations
Bone slips from normal position in joint
Sprains
Stretching or tearing of the ligaments in a joint
First Aid Response
Fractures
1. Call 911 – Seek medical treatment
2. Immobilize area using a “splint” if trained
3. If open, implement steps to control
bleeding
First Aid Response
Sprains
P – Protection
R – Rest
I – Ice
C – Compression
E – Elevation
First Aid Response
Dislocation
1. Call 911 – seek medical treatment
2. Use sling for shoulder injury
3. Keep extremity close to body
General Care
1. Calcium – eat foods with this to build strong
bones; found in dairy and green leafy
vegetables.
2. Phosphorous – combines with calcium to make
bones more rigid
3. Resistance Exercise – increase bone density and
muscle conditioning
4. Cardiovascular – make heart pump more
efficient
Other Systems
Muscular
Together allows body to move
Lymphatic
Production of white blood cells
Circulatory
Production of red blood cells and platelets