Download Mighty Muscular System

Muscular System
I. Muscular System
Anatomy

1. Skeletal Muscle

2. Cardiac Muscle

3. Smooth Muscle
Types of Muscles
Skeletal
 Attaches
to bone
 Long Cylinders
 Many nucleus
 Striations
(stripes)
 Voluntary
Types of Muscle (cont)
Cardiac Muscle





Branching cells
One Nucleus
Striations (stripes)
Involuntary
Moves blood through
heart and blood
vessels.
Types of Muscle (cont)
Smooth

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One Nucleus
No striations
Involuntary
Found in walls of
hollow organs
(bladder, blood
vessels, digestive
system )
Muscular System Physiology
Skeletal Muscles
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Produces Movement: by contracting
(shortening)
Maintains posture: tiny adjustments
constantly being made.
Stabilizes Joints: movements are fluid
Generates Heat – ATP is used and ¾ lost as
heat.
Helps protect fragile internal organs
B. Skeletal Muscle Structure

Muscle Fibers:
Muscle cells!!
 Endomysium: Wraps each muscle fiber
Skeletal Muscle structure
(cont.)

Perimysium: Wraps several muscle fibers (each
wrapped in endomysium)

Fascicle: A bundle of fibers wrapped in perimysium
Skeletal Muscle structure
(cont.)

Epimysium:
Wraps many fascicles

Tendon:
The epimysium blends
into a tendon that
connects the muscle to
bone
Muscle Actions

FLEXION: Decrease
the angle of a joint

EXTENSION: Increase
the angle of a joint
Muscle Actions

ABDUCTION: Moving
limbs AWAY from
midline

ADDUCTION:
Moving limbs
TOWARD the
midline
Muscle Actions

ROTATION: Moving
bone around a long axis

CIRCUMDUCTION
: Complete circular motion
Muscle Actions

PRONATION:
Palm of hand from
upward facing to
downward facing.

SUPINATION:
Palm of hand from
downward facing to
upward facing.
Muscle Actions

INVERSION: Sole
of foot medial (turn feet
in)

EVERSION: Sole of
foot lateral (turn feet
out)
Muscle Actions

DORSIFLEXION:
Stand on heels, toes up

PLANTAR FLEXION:
Stand on toes, toes down
(ballet)
Muscle Vocabulary

ORIGIN:
Immovable bone
(attachment site)

INSERTION:
Movable bone
(attachment site)
Mighty Muscle Vocabulary



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Prime Mover: Muscle with major responsibility
for a movement
Antagonist: Muscle that opposes or reverses a
movement
Synergist: Muscle that helps a prime mover by
producing the same movement.
Fixator: Muscle that stabalizes an origin