Download Week 6 - Muscular System PPT

Week #6 (11/18-11/22)
Warm Up – Mon, 11/18:
- Muscular System Pre-Test
Anatomy Fun Fact:
Eye muscles are one of
the busiest muscles in
your body. Scientists
believe they move more
than 100,000 times a day!
Agenda:
1.
Pick up:
Muscles to Identify PPT
notes
Muscular System notes
Part 1
Muscular System PreTest
Box of crayons
Mr. Muscle Man diagram
A colored pencil
Muscle Tissue
Comparison wkst
Muscle Review wkst
Begin Muscular System
Homework:
-Identification of Quiz #1 Skeletal Muscles
-Naming Skeletal Muscles
-Structure & Function
-Comparing 3 types of muscle tissue
1.
2.
Ch. 10 Tour – Tues,
11/19
Muscles Quiz #1 –
Wed, 11/20 &
Thurs, 11/21
THOSE WHO NEED TO MAKE UP THE
APPENDICULAR & JOINTS EXAM:
• Per. 3:
– Irelan
– Megan
• Per. 4:
–
–
–
–
–
Justin
Michael
KJ
Jimmy
Andie
• Per. 5:
– Jose
– Sydney
• Per. 6:
– Yadira
– Sam
– Kahri
• Please plan on coming in to
any of my Office Hours THIS
WEEK:
– BEFORE school Mon-Fri (6:457:15 a.m.)
– Mon & Wed @ lunch
– You will need about 40-50
mins to complete the Exam!
Learning Scales:
4 – “Could Teach It” Confident = smiley face
3 – Mastery; Confident = check mark
2 – Need a refresher = star
1 – Hmmm… = question mark
0 – Never Head of It = question mark
Muscular
System
Pre-Test
QUIETLY & INDIVIDUALLY complete the Muscular
System Pre-Test by using the KEY (colors & symbols) in
the Pre-Unit column.
 Remember…be HONEST!
 This is your Study Guide for this Unit!
When finished, put your Muscular System Pre-Test in your
Learning Scales/Goals & Pre-Tests section of your
Anatomy Ntbk.
Return the crayons to the box & the box to the light blue cubbie.
Thanks!
PowerPoint® Lecture Slide Presentation
by Patty Bostwick-Taylor,
Florence-Darlington Technical College
The Muscular
System
6
PART A
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Latin Roots/Prefixes/Suffixes
to KNOW!
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Myo/mys – muscle
Fila – thread
Epi – on
Endo – in
Peri – around
Sarco – flesh
Syn – together
Bi – 2
Tri – 3
Quad – 4
Add – towards
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Orb – circular
Ora – mouth/spoken
Oculi – eye
Micro/mini – small
Max – large
Cardia – related to heart
Neuro – nervous, neural
Trans – across/over
Iso – same
Metr – distance
Ton - stretch
Skeletal Muscle Functions
•
•
•
•
Produce movement
Maintain posture
Stabilize joints
Generate heat
Muscles & Body Movements
• Movement is attained due to a muscle moving an
attached bone
• Muscles are attached to
at least 2 points
– Origin
• Attachment to
immoveable bone
– Insertion
• Attachment to
movable bone
Types of Muscles
• Prime mover—muscle with major
responsibility for a certain movement
• Antagonist—muscle that opposes or
reverses a prime mover
• Synergist—muscle that aids a prime
mover in a movement & helps prevent
rotation
• Fixator—stabilizes origin of a prime mover
Naming Skeletal Muscles
• By direction of muscle
fibers
– Examples
• Rectus (straight)
• Transverse
(horizontal)
• Oblique (angle)
• By relative size of the
muscle
– Examples
• Maximus (largest)
• Minimus (smallest)
• Longus (longest)
• By location of the
muscle
– Examples
• Temporalis (temporal
bone)
• Occipitalis (occipital
bone)
• By number of origins
– Examples
• Triceps (3 heads)
• Biceps (2 heads)
• Quadriceps (4
muscles in group)
Naming Skeletal Muscles
• By location of the muscle’s
origin & insertion
– Example
• Sternocleidomastoid (on
the sternum)
• By action of the muscle
– Examples
• Flexor (flexes a bone)
• Extensor (extends a
bone)
• Abductor (abducts a limb)
• Adductor (adducts a limb)
• By shape of the muscle
– Examples
• Deltoid (triangular)
• Trapezius (trapezoid)
Superficial
Muscles:
Anterior
Identify (by number)
& color-code (all the
same color) the
following Anterior
Muscles:
-Orbicularis oris
-Pectoralis major
-External oblique
-Adductor group
-Vastus medialis
Superficial
Muscles:
Posterior
Identify (by number) &
color-code (all the same
color) the following
Posterior Muscles:
-Adductor group
-Gluteus maximus
-Gastrocnemius
Naming Skeletal Muscles
Review
• Identify 1 skeletal muscle we have learned
that is named for…
– Its relative size?
• Gluteus maximus
– Its location on the body?
• Latissimus dorsi
– Its shape?
• Orbicularis oris
– The number of origins?
• Biceps brachii
– The direction of muscle fibers?
• External obliques
3!
The Muscular System
• Muscles are responsible for all types of
body movement
• 3 muscle types are found in the body
– Skeletal muscle
• Attached to bone & skin
• Produce movement, stabilize joints,
provide posture & generate heat
– Cardiac muscle
• Walls of the heart
• Protect the heart & produce contractions
of the heart walls
– Smooth muscle
• Walls of hollow visceral (i.e, stomach)
organs (except heart)
• Protect organs & produce slow
contractions
Comparison of Skeletal, Cardiac &
Smooth Muscles
Characteristics of Muscles
• All muscles share some terminology
– myo & mys refer to “muscle”
– sarco refers to “flesh”
• Skeletal & smooth muscle cells are elongated (muscle
cell = muscle fiber)
• Contraction of muscles is due to the movement
(pulling together) of microfilaments (micro = “small”;
fila = “thread”)
Cardiac muscle
Smooth muscle
Skeletal muscle
(aka striped or
striated muscle)
Involuntary
controlled by
autonomic
nervous system
Voluntary
controlled by
somatic nervous
system
Smooth Muscle Characteristics
Lacks striations
Spindle-shaped cells
Single nucleus
Involuntary—no conscious
control
• Contractions happen very
slowly
• Found mainly in the walls
of hollow organs
•
•
•
•
– Stomach, urinary bladder,
respiratory passages
Cardiac Muscle Characteristics
Striations
Usually has a single nucleus
Branching cells
Joined to another
muscle cell at
an intercalated
disc
• Involuntary
• Contractions
happen slowly
• Found only in
the heart
•
•
•
•
Skeletal Muscle Characteristics
•
•
•
•
•
•
Most are attached by tendons to bones
Cells are multinucleated
Striated—have visible banding
Voluntary—subject to conscious control
Contractions happen slow to fast
Muscles are either contracted or relaxed
– Contracted the muscle exerts
pulling force = muscle shortens
– Since muscles can only pull
(not push), they work in pairs
(antagonistic muscles)
• Example: Biceps & Triceps
– Muscle that bends joint is called the flexor muscle
– Muscle that straightens joint is called the extensor
muscle
EXAMPLE
Elbow joint flexed
Flexor muscles contracted
Extensor muscles relaxed
Elbow joint extended
Extensor muscles contracted
Flexor muscles relaxed
Section through arm
Flexor
muscles
biceps
Humerus
Bone
Extensor
muscles
triceps
Closing Activity
Comparing 3 Muscles Tissues wkst
• Work INDIVIDUALLY on the wkst
using the notes we just discussed!
Week #6 (11/18-11/22)
Warm Up – Tues, 11/19:
- Web of Life article
Anatomy Fun Fact:
There are muscle cells in the
longest body muscle (Sartorius)
which are more than a foot in
length.
Agenda:
1. Identify Muscle Quiz #2 Muscles
2. Continue Muscular System notes
- Connective Tissue Wrappings & Layers of
Muscles
Turn in:
Ch. 10 Tour
Have out:
Muscular System notes Part
1
Mr. Muscle Man
Pick up:
A colored pencil (different
than yesterday’s)
Web of Life article &
questionnaire
Connective Tissue Wr. of Sk.
Mus. diagram
Anatomy Muscular System
Review packet
Homework:
1.
2.
3.
Muscles Quiz #1 –
Wed, 11/20 & Thurs,
11/21
Web of Life article
wkst – Fri, 11/22
Muscles Quiz #2 –
Mon, 11/25
THOSE WHO NEED TO MAKE UP THE
APPENDICULAR & JOINTS EXAM:
• Per. 3:
– Irelan
– Megan
• Per. 4:
–
–
–
–
–
Justin
Michael
KJ
Jimmy
Andie
• Per. 5:
– Jose
– Sydney
• Per. 6:
– Yadira
– Sam
– Kahri
• Please plan on coming in to
any of my Office Hours THIS
WEEK:
– BEFORE school Mon-Fri (6:457:15 a.m.)
– Mon & Wed @ lunch
– You will need about 40-50
mins to complete the Exam!
The Web of Life
• Read quietly through the
article about the connective
tissue known as fascia, “The
Web of Life” (please do
NOT write on the article
copy).
• Reciprocal teaching
activity???
• QUESTIONNAIRE:
– Answer the questions in
COMPLETE SENTENCES on
your questionnaire.
– Due Fri, 11/22
Superficial
Muscles:
Anterior
Identify (by number) &
color-code (all the same
color) the following
Anterior Muscles:
-Sternocleidomastoid
-Biceps brachii
-Deltoid
-Vastus lateralis
-Transverse
abdominis
Superficial
Muscles:
Posterior
Identify (by number) &
color-code (all the same
color) the following
Posterior Muscles:
-Latissimus dorsi
-Deltoid
-Semitendinosus
Connective Tissue Wrappings &
Attachments of Skeletal Muscle
• Tendons—cordlike structures
– Mostly collagen
fibers
– Attach muscle belly
to bone
Figure 6.1
Connective Tissue Wrappings &
Attachments of Skeletal Muscle
• Cells are surrounded & bundled by connective tissue
– Fascia—tough connective tissue, outside of the
epimysium of the muscle belly, that creates a 3-D web
around every muscle
Figure 6.1
Connective Tissue Wrappings &
Attachments of Skeletal Muscle
• Cells are surrounded &
bundled by connective
tissue
– Epimysium—covers the
entire skeletal muscle
(muscle belly)
Figure 6.1
Connective Tissue Wrappings &
Attachments of Skeletal Muscle
• Cells are surrounded &
bundled by connective
tissue
– Perimysium—wraps
around a fascicle
(bundle) of muscle fibers
Figure 6.1
Connective Tissue Wrappings &
Attachments of Skeletal Muscle
• Cells are surrounded &
bundled by connective
tissue
– Endomysium—encloses
a single muscle fiber
Figure 6.1
Microscopic Anatomy of
Skeletal Muscle
• Sarcolemma—
specialized plasma
membrane that
surrounds a myofibril
• Myofibrils—long
organelles inside
muscle cell
NOT HERE - Wed
Week #6 (11/18-11/22)
Warm Up – Wed, 11/20 & Thurs, 11/21:
- Biomechanics wksts – Part A & B
Anatomy Fun Fact:
Muscles in the middle
of the ear are the
smallest muscles
present in the human
body.
Agenda:
1. Muscles Quiz #1
2. Bionics article, prompt & writing response
3. Muscular System Review Packet (in class
review)
Have out:
Musc. Sys. Rev. Packet
Pick up:
Biomechanics Part A &
B wkst
Ruler
3 different colored
pencils
Muscle Structure
diagram
Homework:
1.
2.
3.
Web of Life article
wkst – Fri, 11/22
Muscles Quiz #2 –
Mon, 11/25
Muscular Sys. Rev.
packet – Wed, 11/27
Biceps Biomechanics Part B
• Using the information
from last week’s
Biomechanics warmup, the picture to the
right & the wkst/
ruler, complete
Biceps Biomechanics
Part B.
• Return your rulers to
the bin when
finished!
Muscles to Identify Quiz #1
• Pick up 1 colored
pencil (ALL muscles
will be color-code
with 1 color).
• QUIETLY take the
quiz & turn it in to
the Hmwk Bin when
finished.
National Geographic: Bionics
• Read through the article “Bionics”
(read-around, partners, solo?).
• You may annotate the article as you
please (symbols, writing in margins,
highlighting).
• Prompt: “We are giving people tools.
They are better than what previously
existed. But they are still crude, like a
hammer, compared with the complexity
of the human body. They can’t hold a
candle to Mother Nature.”
– Using your knowledge of the interdependence
of organ systems in the human body & how
skeletal muscle is organized & using direct
information about bionics in the article, discuss
why this quote is so truthful.
– 3-paragraph response (opening, body, closing)
• Bionics - Photo Gallery
The Web of Life
• QUESTIONNAIRE:
– Answer the questions
in COMPLETE
SENTENCES on your
questionnaire.
– Due Fri, 11/22
Week #6 (11/18-11/22)
Warm Up – Fri, 11/22:
Have out:
Anatomy Fun Fact:
Turn in:
- Organization of Skeletal Muscle Review
As the body gets cold,
heat is generated due to
shivering which causes
rapid muscle
contractions.
Agenda:
1. Identify Muscles for Quiz #3
2. Review: Play Doh Muscles Activity
3. Bionics article & writing (in class time)
Mr. Muscle Man
A colored pencil (different
than other 2 colors)
Sk. Muscle diagram
Web of Life article wkst
Homework:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Muscles Quiz #2 – Mon,
11/25
Muscular Sys. Rev. packet
– Tues, 11/26 & Wed,
11/27
Bionics writing response
(if not finished in class) –
Tues, 11/26 & Wed, 11/27
Muscles Quiz #3 – Tues,
11/26 & Wed, 11/27
Muscle System Quiz #1
(Structure, Function &
Organization) – Tues,
12/3
Skeletal Muscle Organization
B
(wrapping)
D
(wrapping)
A
(structure)
C
(structure)
E
(wrapping)
F
(structure)
G
(structure)
Name the
following
structures &
connective
tissue
wrappings
of skeletal
muscle.
Superficial
Muscles:
Anterior
Identify (by number) &
color-code (all the same
color) the following
Anterior Muscles:
-Frontalis
-Rectus femoris
-Sartorius
-Gracilis
-Masseter
-Rectus abdominis
Superficial
Muscles:
Posterior
Identify (by number) &
color-code (all the same
color) the following
Posterior Muscles:
-Soleus
-Biceps femoris
-Triceps brachii
REVIEW of SKELETAL MUSCLE STRUCTURE:
Play Doh Activity
• Using the 4 colors of modeling clay,
develop a mini replica of skeletal
muscle, including…
–
–
–
–
1 muscle belly
At least 3 fascicles
At least 3 muscle fibers within each fascicle
At least 3 myofibrils within each muscle fiber
Muscle belly
Fascicles
Muscle fibers
Myofibrils
National Geographic: Bionics
• Read through the article “Bionics”
(read-around, partners, solo?).
• You may annotate the article as you
please (symbols, writing in margins,
highlighting).
• Prompt: “We are giving people tools.
They are better than what previously
existed. But they are still crude, like a
hammer, compared with the complexity
of the human body. They can’t hold a
candle to Mother Nature.”
– Using your knowledge of the interdependence
of organ systems in the human body & how
skeletal muscle is organized & using direct
information about bionics in the article, discuss
why this quote is so truthful.
– 3-paragraph response (opening, body, closing)
• Bionics - Photo Gallery