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PRINCIPLES OF HUMAN PHYSIOLOGY 12 THIRD EDITION Cindy L. Stanfield | William J. Germann Muscle Physiology Part C PowerPoint® Lecture Slides prepared by W.H. Preston, College of the Sequoias Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings. Contraction Speed Figure 12.23 Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings. Oxidative and Glycolytic Fibers Figure 12.24 Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings. Muscle Fatigue Figure 12.25 Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings. Muscle Attachments Figure 12.26 Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings. Antagonistic Muscles Figure 12.27 Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings. Muscle Spindle Figure 12.28 Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings. Muscle Spindle Responses Figure 12.29 Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings. Alpha / Gamma Coactiviation Figure 12.30 Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings. Golgi Tendon Organs Figure 12.31 Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings. Muscle Tissue Types Figure 12.32 Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings. Properties of Smooth Muscle • One nucleus • Tropomyosin • No troponin • Dense bodies analogous to Z line • Slow myosin ATPase • Myosin has light chains • Little sarcoplasmic reticulum Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings. Smooth Muscle Cell Figure 12.33 Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings. Excitation-Contraction Coupling Ca2+ Endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ Ca2+ Calmodulin Ca-calmodulin MLCK Unphosphorylated myosin light chain Phosphorylated myosin light chain No myosin ATPase activity Myosin ATPase active No crossbridge activity Crossbridge cycling Smooth muscle cell Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings. Contraction Figure 12.34 Single-Unit Muscle Figure 12.35b Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings. Properties of Single-Unit Smooth Muscle • Gap junctions • Pacemaker cells with spontaneous depolarizations • Innervation to few cells • Tone = level of contraction without stimulation • Increases/decreases in tension Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings. • Graded Contractions • No recruitment • Vary intracellular calcium • Stretch Reflex • Relaxation in response to sudden or prolonged stretch Multi-Unit Muscle Figure 12.35a Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings. Multi vs. Single-Unit Muscle Figure 12.35 Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings. Spontaneous Depolarizations Figure 12.36 Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings. Cardiac Muscle Figure 12.37 Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings. Muscle Comparisons Table 12.2 Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings.