Download CH. 11 Lesson 2 “The Skeletal System”

CH. 11 Lesson 2
“The Skeletal System”
Functions…
• 1- support
• 2- protection
• 3- movement
How many?
• Babies- at birth over 300
bones
Ossification- cartilage cells are
replaced by bone cells and
minerals
• Adults- 206
Common Name
Scientific Name
skull
cranium
jawbone
mandible
collarbone
clavicle
shoulder blade
scapula
breast bone
sternum
funny bone
humerus
spine
vertebrae
hips
pelvis
wrist
carpals
hip
pelvis
thigh bone
femur
kneecap
patella
shin bone
tibia
ankle
tarsals
Two main parts of the skeleton..
1- axial skeleton- bones of the skull, the
sternum (breast bone), the ribs, the
vertebrae
• Protect your lungs and heart*
2- appendicular skeleton- bones of
shoulders, arms, hands, legs, feet
Your spine
Total of 33 bone
7 cervix (neck);
12 thorax;
5 lumbar;
5 sacral;
4 coccyx.
Ribs- “Thorax”
7 true- connected
directly to the
sternum
3 false- connected to
the sternum by
cartilage
2 floating- not
connected to the
sternum
Types of Bones
1- long bones (femur)- very strong
2- short bones (wrist and ankles)approximately equal length and width
3- flat bones (ribs and skull)- thin, protect
organs
4-irregular bones- (vertebrae)
What connects bones?
Joint- point where 2 bones meet
Ligaments- connect bones together at
a moveable joint
Tendons- connect muscle to bone
Problems
• Scoliosis
• Bone fractures
• Osteoporosis
• Osteomyelitis(inflammation of inner
• Sprains
tissue of bones)
Care of bones
1- Get your vitamins- Bones need
calcium and phosphorus (milk,
liver, broccoli)
*They also store these minerals*
2- Exercise- lifting weights
increases bone mass