Download WARM UP 2/24

WARM UP 2/24
Page 245/246 in book – WRITE THE definition given in
this warm up and then look up the answer

2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Abnormal contraction; different fibers contract at
different times
Contraction in which the tension stays the same, but
muscle shortens
Contraction that is continual and partial; muscle tone
Abnormal uncoordinated contraction of muscle groups
Contraction in which length stays the same, but tension
increases
Quick, jerky contraction
NOTES Ch 8 3/15
Muscular system problems
ATROPHY
-
muscle wastes away;
shrinks
CAUSE: not being used
EX: bed rest, cast, injury
STRAIN
-
Tear in a muscle
CAUSE: excessive use, pulled to hard
(swells due to blood from broken blood
vessels)
HELP: place ice to stop swelling –
constricts vessels
MUSCLE CRAMPS
•
Sudden, involuntary muscle
contractions
CAUSE:
• Change in K and Na
• From abnormal nerve activity,
dehydration, not stretching,
exercising too long,
HELP: apply pressure with hands or
stand on, heat compress, drink liquids
(gatorade)
FASCICULATION (twitch)
•
Abnormal nerve activity
•
Jump under skin
•
From : stress, caffeine, decrease in sleep
TENDINITIS
•
Inflammation of the
tendons (attaching muscles
to bones)
CAUSE
- injury, activity, exercising, repetitive
movement
SHIN SPLINTS
Tendon under the tibia gets
inflammed or torn away
from bone
Causes pain when walking; sore
CAUSE: running on hard surfaces,
walking long periods of time,
jumping
HELP: ice, massage, taping ankle
TORN LIGAMENTS
ACL – in the knee; holding
knee together
ROTATOR CUP – in
shoulder; holding
HERNIA
-
organ protrude through a weak muscle
CAUSED: from increase in pressure in the body
a.
b.
c.
Inguinal – groin area (common in males) (intestines
through)
Abdominal (stomach through ab. muscle; intestines
through stomach)
Hiatal – stomach pushes through diaphragm
TETANUS
Tetanus is the result of an infection that affects the muscles and
nerves. It is usually due to a contaminated wound. Tetanus often
begins with muscle spasms in the jaw (also called trismus or
lockjaw), together with difficulty in swallowing, and stiffness or
pain in muscles of the neck, shoulder, or back. Spasms soon
spread to muscles of the abdomen, upper arms, and thighs.
TRICHINOSIS
-
infection in the muscles due to
worms
-diarrhea, weakness, muscle pain
CAUSE – eating undercooked
pork – larvae multiply in body
and grow in the muscle
perimysium
1.5 million people/ year get
Cycle
- eat larva
- mature in intestinal tract
- mate and produce eggs
- go into muscle
- 1.5 million people get it a year
BOTULISM
-
-
-
prevents release of ACh
caused by bacteria
Improper canning or storage;
improper cooking
Double vision, bright, blurred
speech, inability to walk/stand,
nausea, vomitting
* big problem is respiratory
Botulism as a weapon
Botulinum toxin was first developed as a
biological weapon over 60 years ago; it can
be aerosolised, or used to contaminate food,
8
MUSCULAR DYSTROPHY
Genetic disease; muscle cells
deteriorate
Many types!
Most common: DUCHENNE
- birth normal
- 2-6 yr muscle cells die;
weak
- 9-11 yr cannot walk
anymore
- 13-20 die
CONTORTIONIST
Extreme muscle flexibility (born with)
AGE and MUSCLES
-
decrease muscle fibers
Decrease weight
Decrease strength (by 50% by age 80)
-
Exercise helps kept muscle fibers strong
-
ASSIGNMENT:
Read about STERIODS
- what they are
- what they are used for
- side effects
- what they do to women
- what they do to men
ASSIGNMENT:
You are a marketing coordinator and have been given the
task of making a brochure that for a high schools that wil
tell about physical therapy as a career. Read and make
this brochure with at least 10 important facts in it. Front
must be a cover page.