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Section 13.1 The Importance of Physical Activity
The Importance of Physical Activity
Objectives
Explain some of the physical, psychological,
and social benefits of physical activity.
Define the five components of fitness.
Describe five types of physical activity.
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Section 13.1 The Importance of Physical Activity
Myth Being thin is a sign of fitness.
Fact Appearance is not a good indicator of overall
fitness. Thin people who do not exercise are likely to
have poor heart, lung, and muscular fitness.
Identify another fitness misconception that
teens may hold. Why do you think they have that
misconception?
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Section 13.1 The Importance of Physical Activity
The Benefits of Physical Activity
• Any movement that requires your large muscle
groups to work is considered physical activity.
• Teens should spend 60 minutes or more each day
performing some form of physical activity.
• The changes that occur due to physical activity are
beneficial to your body, your mind, and your social
interactions.
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Section 13.1 The Importance of Physical Activity
Physical Benefits
• Cardiovascular System Your heart and blood
vessels receive the most benefits from regular
physical activity.
• Weight Maintenance Staying at a healthy weight
can reduce your risk for developing diseases such as
diabetes, heart disease, and certain cancers.
• Bone Strength Your physical activities make your
bones stronger and denser.
• Balance and Coordination Physical activity
improves your balance and coordination, which may,
in turn, improve your athletic ability.
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Section 13.1 The Importance of Physical Activity
For: Updates on the health benefits of sports
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Section 13.1 The Importance of Physical Activity
Psychological Benefits
• During continuous exercise, your brain releases
endorphins, chemicals that block pain messages
from reaching your brain cells.
• People who exercise regularly are likely to be more
self-confident and focused, and have reduced stress
levels.
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Section 13.1 The Importance of Physical Activity
Social Benefits
• Exercise is also an opportunity to have fun.
• Physical activity can be a way to bond with family
and friends or build new relationships.
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Section 13.1 The Importance of Physical Activity
The Components of Fitness
• Physical fitness means that you have the energy and
strength to participate in a variety of activities.
• There are five components of fitness:
• cardiorespiratory endurance
• muscular strength
• muscular endurance
• flexibility
• body composition
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Section 13.1 The Importance of Physical Activity
Cardiorespiratory Endurance
Cardiorespiratory endurance means that your heart,
blood vessels, and lungs are able to distribute
nutrients and oxygen and remove wastes efficiently
during prolonged exercise.
• As the heart muscles become stronger, more
blood is pumped with each beat.
• The lungs become more efficient at delivering
oxygen to the blood and removing carbon
dioxide.
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Section 13.1 The Importance of Physical Activity
Muscular Strength
• The capacity of a muscle or a group of muscles to
produce force is called muscular strength.
• The amount of weight you can lift is one measure of
your muscular strength.
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Section 13.1 The Importance of Physical Activity
Muscular Endurance
• Muscular endurance is the ability of your muscles to
work for an extended time.
• Developing muscular endurance requires repeated
actions over an extended period of time.
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Section 13.1 The Importance of Physical Activity
Flexibility
• The ability to move a joint through its entire range of
motion is called flexibility.
• This means that you can bend, stretch, and twist
your body easily.
• Stretching exercises, if done correctly, can increase
flexibility and may reduce the risk of injury during
exercise.
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Section 13.1 The Importance of Physical Activity
Body Composition
• Body composition is the amount
of fat tissue in your body
compared to the amount of lean
tissue, such as muscles and
bones.
• Having too much, or too little,
body fat can lead to health
problems.
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Section 13.1 The Importance of Physical Activity
A Physical Activity Pyramid
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Section 13.1 The Importance of Physical Activity
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Section 13.1 The Importance of Physical Activity
Types of Physical Activity
• Physical activities can be classified as aerobic
exercise or anaerobic exercise.
• Strengthening and endurance activities can be
further classified as isometric exercise, isotonic
exercise, or isokinetic exercise.
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Section 13.1 The Importance of Physical Activity
Aerobic Exercise
• Ongoing physical activity that raises your
breathing rate and heart rate is called aerobic
exercise (ehr OH bik).
• Aerobic exercises increase the amount of oxygen
that your body takes in and uses.
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Section 13.1 The Importance of Physical Activity
Anaerobic Exercise
• Intense physical activity that lasts for a few seconds
to a few minutes is called anaerobic exercise.
• Most anaerobic exercises develop muscular
strength, muscular endurance, or flexibility.
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Section 13.1 The Importance of Physical Activity
Isometric Exercise
• Isometric exercise (eye suh MET rik) is an exercise in
which muscles contract but very little body movement
takes place.
• If you do isometric exercises on a regular basis, the
muscles you use will become stronger.
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Section 13.1 The Importance of Physical Activity
Isotonic Exercise
• Isotonic exercise (eye suh TAHN ik) involves
contracting and relaxing your muscles through
the full range of a joint’s motion.
• Through repetition of isotonic exercises, you can
develop muscular strength and endurance.
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Section 13.1 The Importance of Physical Activity
Isokinetic Exercise
• In isokinetic exercise (eye soh ki NET ik) muscles
contract at a constant rate.
• These exercises are often used as therapy to
rebuild muscle strength after an injury.
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Section 13.1 The Importance of Physical Activity
Vocabulary
physical activity
endorphins
Any movement that requires large muscle
groups to work.
Chemicals that block pain messages from
reaching brain cells and produce feelings of
pleasure.
physical fitness
Having the energy and strength to participate in
a variety of activities.
body
composition
A measure of how much body fat a person has,
as compared to muscle and bone.
aerobic exercise
An ongoing physical activity that raises your
breathing and heart rates.
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Section 13.1 The Importance of Physical Activity
Vocabulary
anaerobic
exercise
Intense physical activity that lasts for a few
seconds to a few minutes.
isometric
exercise
Exercise in which muscles contract but very little
body movement occurs.
isotonic
exercise
Exercise that involves contracting and relaxing
muscles through the full range of their joint’s
motion.
isokinetic
exercise
Exercise performed with machines that ensure
muscles contract at a constant rate.
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Section 13.1 The Importance of Physical Activity
QuickTake Quiz
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Section 13.1 The Importance of Physical Activity
End of Section 13.1
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