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5 Health Components of Fitness There are 5 areas a person needs to be competent in to be considered physically fit. 1. Body Composition 2. Flexibility 3. Muscular Strength 4. Muscular Endurance 5. Cardiorespiratory Fitness Body Composition The amount of fat mass in the body compared to the amount of fat free mass (muscle, bone, vital organs, tissues). The test used to measure body composition: BMI (Body Mass Index). Uses a person’s height and weight to estimate the appropriateness of their body shape. Flexibility Flexibility is the range of motion (how far you can move) at a particular joint (knee, elbow, hip, etc.) The tests used to measure flexibility are the sit and reach test and trunk lift test. Sit and reach measures hamstring flexibility Trunk lift measures lower back flexibility Muscular Strength The amount of force a muscle can produce in a single effort (One time). Tests used to measure muscular strength: Push-Ups Curl-ups If you can perform multiple push-ups or curlups then you are testing muscular endurance. Muscular Endurance The ability of a muscle group to contract numerous times without tiring OR to hold one contraction for an extended period of time Tests used to measure muscular endurance: Push-ups Sit-ups Cardiorespiratory Fitness How well the heart and lungs to supply oxygen to muscles during exercise. Tests used to measure cardiorespiratory fitness: Mile Run PACER Cooper Test