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Cervical Traction Chapter 17 © 2005 Cervical Traction • Tension must overcome weight of skull – Approximately 8.1% of total body weight – 14 pounds • Tension: Supine and Seated – Supine: Approximately 7% of body weight (10 lbs) – Reclined: Approximately 20% of body weight (24 lbs) • Treatment Time – Depends on the pathology – Approximately 5 to 20 – Use comfort as a guide © 2005 Indications • • • • • • • Degenerative disc disease Nerve root compression Disc herniation Muscle spasm Osteoarthritis or facet joint inflammation Capsulitis of vertebral joints Pathology of anterior or posterior longitudinal ligaments © 2005 Contraindications • • • • Pain of unknown origin Acute injury Unstable spinal segments Cancer, meningitis, or other spinal cord/ vertebrae disease • Vertebral fracture • Extruded disc fragments © 2005 Mechanical Traction • Wall or door-mounted traction – Sitting or Prone – Uses water bags, sand bags, or weight plates © 2005 Mechanical Traction • Mandibular-occipital harness – Places pressure on the TMJ which may cause discomfort © 2005 • Occipital harness – Forcse on skull’s occipital bone – Can be used to place spine in varying degress Mechanical Traction Application • Assess body weight • Remove material that may interfere with halter • Adjust halter accordingly – Bilateral = midline of body • Secure and connect halter • Align angle of pull to correspond with the specific pathology • Give patient Safety Switch • Explain treatment © 2005 Initiation of Treatment • Set controls to zero and turn on unit • Remove slack • Adjust Ratio – Normally 3:1 or 4:1 • Tension – Approximately 10 pounds or 7% of body weight – First exposure use lower tension • Duration – Corresponding to pathology © 2005 Termination of Treatment • Tension – Gradually reduce over 3 or 4 cycles – Gain slack and turn unit OFF • Remove halter from unit and patient • Patient remains in position for 5 minutes after the treatment © 2005 Manual Traction • Changes in tension, angle of pull, and duration are more easily adjusted when compared to mechanical traction • Nondominant hand cradles the occiput • Dominant hand under nondominant – Pulls using bodyweight • Can be administered in sustained or intermittent modes © 2005
