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Muscular System Chapters 10 & 11 Did you know? more than 50% of body weight is muscle ~ 650 muscles in the human body (we will memorize 53) Some Muscle Terminology Muscle fibers = muscle cells Myo & sarco: word roots referring to muscle (muscle) (flesh) Three types of muscle tissue: Skeletal, cardiac, & smooth Three Types of Muscle Skeletal Cardiac Smooth Functions of Skeletal Muscles • • • • • Allow skeletal movement Maintain posture Support soft tissues Guard entrances and exits Maintain body temperature Skeletal Muscle Anatomy Skeletal muscle are: • surrounded by connective tissue • contain nerves • contain own arteries and veins • arranged in antagonistic pairs (e.g. triceps & biceps) • (antagonistic means opposing) How Skeletal Muscles Produce Movements • Muscles exert a force on tendons which pull on bones • Tendons connect muscle to bone brachialis flexes forearm •Origin: the attachment of the muscle to the bone which remains stationary •Insertion: the attachment of the muscle to the bone which moves •Belly: between the origin and insertion Terminology Insertion Origin Types of Movement Flexion p. 271-274 Extension Hyperextension Abduction, Adduction, & Circumduction Rotation Elevation & Depression Protraction & Retraction
