Download Small Poultry Flock Management - Department of Poultry Science

BIOSECURITY
FOR POULTRY
DR. AUDREY MCELROY
PROFESSOR AND EXTENSION SPECIALIST
DEPARTMENT OF POULTRY SCIENCE
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DISEASE PREVENTION
There are basically 2 types of diseases that
must be considered in poultry production:
•diseases of detriment to bird health
•diseases of potential human health
concerns
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CAUSES OF HEALTH ISSUES
• Pathogens
• bacteria, viruses, parasites, protozoa, fungi
• Nutritional deficiencies
• Chemical poisons
• Overmedication
• Poor management
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BIOSECURITY
What is “Biosecurity”?
• Protecting your birds from disease
• Preventing or controlling disease transmission by
vectors
What is a vector?
• Something that may transmit a disease
• Rodents, birds, insects, shoes, car tires, shared
equipment, best friend, pet, feed, water, dust, air….
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BIOSECURITY
•
Preventative strategies to control disease
causing organisms and their carriers
(vectors).
•
Protection of poultry flocks from any type of
infectious agent.
•
Control transmission of disease from flock to
flock.
Biosecurity is the cheapest, most effective
means of disease control available.
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WHO SHOULD PRACTICE GOOD
BIOSECURITY?
Everyone!
• Commercial producers
• Small flock/backyard poultry owners
• Hobbyists/breeders
• Youth poultry project owners for livestock
shows (4-H and FFA members)
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WHY SHOULD I BE CONCERNED
ABOUT BIOSECURITY?
Because of what might happen:
• Disease and high mortality in flocks
• Infected flocks euthanized
• Loss of income for producers
• Higher prices of poultry meat and eggs
• Quarantines and restricted
movement/sale of birds
• Cancellation of poultry shows
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MAJOR COMPONENTS OF
BIOSECURITY
• Flock Management
• Traffic Control
• Isolation
• Cleaning/
Sanitation
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BIOSECURITY MONITORING POINTS
• Humans
• Equipment
• Environment
• Animals
• Contaminated eggs and chicks
• Contaminated feed
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ENVIRONMENTAL ROUTES OF
DISEASE TRANSMISSION
Environmental contaminants:
• wind
• water
• dust
• feathers
• manure
Drying and sunlight are very effective at
killing many disease causing organisms.
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GOOD BIOSECURITY
PRACTICES
• Keep pets, wild birds and animals and other
livestock away from the flock
• No trading or purchase of untested birds –
quarantine new birds
• Use dedicated footwear/clothing or disposable
coveralls and boot covers when checking your
birds
• Hand washing before and after handling birds,
manure, coops, eggs, etc.
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ISOLATION MEASURES
• Confine flocks to controlled environment
• Screen houses to protect flock from wild
birds
• Avoid contact with migratory waterfowl
and other birds
• Restrict visitors
• Do not share equipment, coops or
leftover feed
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REDUCE EXPOSURE RISKS
• Control vector habitat and attractants
•
•
•
•
birds
rodents
varmints
insects
• Make sure pen is animal and bird proof
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MAINTAIN FLOCK HEALTH
Minimize stressors to prevent increased
susceptibility to disease
• Fresh feed
• Clean water
• Clean, dry litter
• Good ventilation
• Provide an overall comfortable environment
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CLEANING AND SANITATION
Five steps to cleaning and disinfection (C&D)
1. Dry Clean (remove all organic matter)
2. Soap
3. Rinse
4. Dry
5. Disinfect
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DISEASE/HEALTH CHECKS
•
Watch for symptoms such as:
• Coughing, sneezing, watery eyes,
ruffled feathers, loss of feathers,
excessive picking, labored breathing
and sudden drops in production and
feed or water consumption
•
Eliminate unhealthy or
nonproductive birds
•
Check birds periodically for
lice, mites, and worms
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FINDING HELP
• Local Vet
• Texas Animal Health Commission
• 1-800-550-8242
• http://www.tahc.texas.gov
• Texas A&M Veterinary Medical
Diagnostic Laboratories – Poultry Labs
• Gonzales – (830) 672-2834 – Dr. Ficken
• Center – (936) 598-4451 – Dr. Moore
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RESOURCES
USDA biosecurity program
• http://healthybirds.aphis.usda.gov/
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RESOURCES
posc.tamu.edu
• Extension
• Publications
• Avian Influenza Information (subheading)
• PDF materials
• Links to websites
http://posc.tamu.edu/texas-agrilife-poultryextension-specialists/publications
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