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Infection Control
Standard Precautions
Prepared by NSW Infection Control Resource Centre, NSW Health
[Insert name of presenter]
[Insert title]
February 2007
Introduction

This PowerPoint presentation is designed to provide the viewer
with current information to assist them apply Infection Control
Precautions. The information covered in this presentation includes

A definition and overview of Infection Control Precautions & the
two-tiered approach

Definition of Standard Precautions

Standard Precautions
– Application - example of poster
– Application – When to apply?
– Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)

Additional resources for information

Points to remember
This presentation is part of a series and should be used in conjunction with
the other components of the module and series.
1
Infection Control ProcessThe two-tiered approach

NSW Health endorse a two-tiered approach to infection
control

The first tier includes those precautions designed for the
care of all patients, regardless of their diagnosis or
presumed infection status

These precautions are known as Standard Precautions and
constitute the minimum acceptable level of practice in
infection control.

The second tier includes precautions that are applicable
only for the care of specified patients and are known as
Additional (Transmission Based) Precautions.
2
Standard PrecautionsTier one (1)
These are the minimum standard of precautions to be applied to all
people accessing health care services regardless of their diagnosis or
presumed infectious status, there-by reducing the risk of transmission
of organisms from both recognised and unrecognised sources.

These precautions apply to

blood and all body substances (except sweat)

acutely or chronically non-intact skin and

mucous membranes including eyes
3
You must use Standard Precautions
when:
Handling blood or body
substances
There is risk of splash to
mucous membranes
4
You must use Standard Precautions
when:
Providing care which induces
coughing
Performing invasive
procedures such as
cannulation and
catheterisations
5
You must use Standard Precautions
when:
There is risk of hands being
contaminated with blood or
body substances
Before and after patient
contact, perform hand hygiene
6
The use of Standard Precautions
includes:
Hand hygiene practices
including washing of hands
before and after each patient
contact
Cover any cuts before
commencing work
7
The use of Standard Precautions
includes:
Using PPE for risk of splash to
clothes with blood and body
substances
Safe handling and disposal of
sharps
8
The use of Standard Precautions also
includes:
 The use of aseptic technique
 Getting vaccinated and check your immunity to
vaccine preventable diseases
 Reporting all occupational exposures
 Keeping a clean environment
9
Standard
Precautions
- Tier 1
Example of
the posterStandard
Precautions
10
Recommendations for
use of personal
protective equipment
(PPE)
Prepared by [Insertname of presenter]
[Insert title]
[Insert Branch name]
February 2005
11
Standard Precautions-PPE

Assumes all blood and body fluids as
Potentially infectious

Involves the use of protective barriers
and safe work practices

PPE choice designed to
minimise contact with potentially
Infectious blood and body fluids
12
PPE for Standard Precautions (1)

GLOVES - must be worn on both hands and must be
used in situations where the health care worker is
potentially exposed to blood and/or body substances

GOWNS - A fluid-resistant gown/apron, made of
impervious material must be worn during any
procedure where there is a likelihood of splashes or
contamination with blood or other body substances
13
PPE for Standard Precautions (2)

MASK AND PROTECTIVE EYEWEAR OR A FACE
SHIELD: must be worn while performing any
procedure where there is a likelihood of splashing or
splattering of blood or body substances.
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What type of PPE would you wear?
1. Showering or bathing a patient?
2. Suctioning oral or tracheal secretions?
3. Transporting a patient in a wheelchair?
4. Responding to a dislodged chest drain where visible blood
is spurting out?
5. During venepuncture?
6. Cleaning a patient incontinent of diarrhoea?
7. Irrigating a wound?
8. Taking vital signs?
?
15
Where do I go for more information?
 Check local Infection Control Policy Manual
 Check with facility or Area Infection Control Nurse
 NSW Health Website
http://www.health.nsw.gov.au/quality/hai/
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