Download INFECTIOUS VACCINES (ANTIGENS)

CATTLE
IMMUNOLOGY
Floron C. Faries, Jr., DVM, MS
Professor and Extension Program Leader
Texas AgriLife Extension Service
Texas A&M University System
College Station, TX 77843
http://extensionvetmed.tamu.edu
INFECTIOUS VACCINES
(ANTIGENS)
 TYPES:

modified live vaccines – intramuscular,
subcutaneous, intranasal

modified live vaccines (body temperature
sensitive) – intranasal
 IMMUNITY DURATION:

life-time (infection established, cellular and
humoral immunity)

one dose required

annual boosters may not be required
 CAUTION:

label restrictions (may be unapproved for
pregnant cows/nursing calves)

ineffectiveness (following non-infectious
vaccine)
NON-INFECTIOUS VACCINES
(ANTIGENS)
 TYPES:

killed vaccines and bacterins –
intramuscular, subcutaneous

toxoids and leukotoxoids – intramuscular,
subcutaneous

modified live vaccines (body temperature
sensitive) – intramuscular
 IMMUNITY DURATION:

4 to 12 months (infection not established,
humoral immunity)

primary dose required (priming)

secondary dose required – 3 to 6 weeks later
(within 4 months)

annual or semiannual boosters required
ANTISERA/ANTISERUM
(ANTIBODIES)
 TYPES:

antitoxins – subcutaneous

monoclonal antibody – oral
 DURATION IMMUNITY:

2 to 6 weeks (humoral immunity)
DNA RECOMBINANT VACCINES
 None available for cattle
VACCINE LABEL HANDLING
INSTRUCTIONS
 FOLLOW THE LABEL:

refrigerate in use and storage

use sanitary practices in use

keep out of sunlight in use

properly dispose of opened vials after use

abide expiration date of unopened vials
VACCINE LABEL USE
DIRECTIONS
 FOLLOW THE LABEL:

dose

route(s)

withdrawal time for slaughter (21 to 60
days)
VACCINE FAILURES
 NO RESPONSE (efficacy, stress,
malnutrition)
 IMPROPER DOSE
 IMPROPER ROUTE
 MISHANDLED (non-refrigerated, sunlight
exposure, unsanitary)
 STORED OPENED VIALS
 EXPIRED VACCINE
 POOR QUALITY VACCINE
 PRIMARY DOSE ONLY (non-infectious
vaccine)
 IMMUNITY DURATION EXPIRED
 VACCINATION AFTER EXPOSURE
(incubation period or latent period)
Cow Herd Vaccines

Precalving Vaccination of Cows and Heifers
(7 to 9 months of pregnancy or twice a year)
1. 4-way Viral BRD Vaccine
2. Pasteurella Bacterin & Leukotoxoid
3. Haemophilus Bacterin
4. 5-way Lepto Bacterin
5. 7-way or 8-way Blackleg Bacterin
6. Scour Vaccine
7. Vibrio Bacterin
8. Trich Vaccine

Prebreeding Vaccination of Replacement
Heifers and Bulls
1. 4-way Viral BRD Vaccine
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
Pasteurella Bacterin & Leukotoxoid
Haemophilus Bacterin
5-way Lepto Bacterin
7-way or 8-way Blackleg Bacterin
Vibrio Bacterin
Trich Vaccine (Heifers)
Anaplas Vaccine
Calf Herd Vaccines

Postcalving Vaccination of Nursing Calves
(2 to 3 months of age)
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
4-way Viral BRD
Pasteurella Bacterin & Leukotoxoid
Haemophilus Bacterin
5-way Lepto Bacterin
7-way or 8-way Blackleg Bacterin

Preweaning Vaccination of Nursing Calves (3
weeks before weaning)
1. 4-way Viral BRD Vaccine
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Pasteurella Bacterin & Leukotoxoid
Haemophilus Bacterin
5-way Lepto Bacterin
7-way or 8-way Blackleg Bacterin
Bang’s Vaccine (Heifers)