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Dr. Peter J.E. Verdegem Chief Science Officer Cellular Essentials ™ Causes of Death in South East Asia Liver Respiratory External Suicide MVA Homicide Infections Stroke Digestion Cancer Cardiovascular Cardiovascular Disease • Cardiovascular disease - the single leading cause of death in South East Asia • Millions of individuals in South East Asia have have angina, have had a heart attack or other forms of cardiovascular disease. • Most women have a fear of breast cancer, yet are actually ten times more likely to die from cardiovascular disease. Causes of Cardiovascular Disease Genetics Smoking Atherosclerosis Myocardial Ischemia Arythmia, Angina, Heart Attacks Heart Failure High Cholesterol is a Major Culprit for Cardiovascular Risk MECHANISM Mechanism: how cholesterol is deposited into the arterial wall Starts with LDL Endothelial cell When LDL is able to attach itself into the arterial wall it initiates Lumen Cross section of an artery Cholesterol deposits • 99% of all individuals regardless of age and sex have cholesterol plaque in the arterial wall Lumen Cholesterol plaque Atherosclerosis Timeline Endothelial Dysfunction Foam Cells Fatty Streak Intermediate Lesion Atheroma From first decade From third decade Growth mainly by lipid accumulation Stary et al. Circulation. 1995;92:1355-1374. Fibrous Complicated Plaque Lesion/Rupture From fourth decade Smooth muscle and collagen Thrombosis, hematoma Recent advances in modern technology • Recent advances in modern technology such as: (1) UltraFast Computed Tomography (CT) (2) Ultrasound We are now able to detect the presences of cholesterol plaque in the arterial wall even before it causes obstruction 80% of males at the age of 40 have cholesterol deposit causing luminal obstruction of about 50% Endothelial Cell Lumen Cholesterol plaque extending into the arterial lumen causing obstruction LDL MAIN CULPRIT Causing Endothelial cell dysfunction Causing Lumen cholesterol plaque rapture Resulting in Endothelial Cells dysfunction Blood clot sudden complete occlusion of the blood vessels result: sudden death or acute heart attack Aggressive Modification of Risk Factors • Cholesterol; triglyceride; LDL blood level • Age in males (80% at age 40 have cholesterol plaque – with 50% occlusion). In females after menopause the incidence is the same as in males. However females have a higher incidence of sudden death. • Family history homocysteine – predisposes to early development CHD (Kilmer McCully, 1969) • Diabetes Mellitus – better control of blood sugar • Hypertension – better control of blood pressure • Smoking – stop smoking reduce risk to about 10% Primary Prevention • Cellular Essentials when used at an early age prior to cholesterol plaque extending into the arterial lumen has been shown to dissolve or reverse cholesterol deposition Primary prevention: Lumen Secondary prevention: Cellular Essential can prevent progression of arterial narrowing (Soft cholesterol plaque) Cellular Essential can maintain endothelial cell function Lumen CardioBasics A blend of vitamins, minerals and amino acids formulated to promote supple, more reactive blood vessels. CardioBasics The B vitamins Contents: • B1 (Thiamin) • B2 (Riboflavin) • B3 (Niacin) • B5 (Pantothenic Acid) • B6 (Pyridoxine) • B7 (Biotin) • B9 (Folic Acid) • B12 (Cyanocobalamin) B-vitamins are responsible for: • • • • • • Energy metabolism Cellular replication Homocysteine reduction Immune system function Synthesis of biomolecules Detoxification & Liver support CardioBasics The other vitamins and minerals •Vitamin A •Vitamin C •Vitamin D •Vitamin E •Calcium •Phosphorus •Magnesium •Zinc •Selenium •Copper •Manganese •Chromium •Molybdenum •Potassium Vitamins and minerals are responsible for: • Ensuring optimal nutrition levels for the heart • Ensuring optimal protection levels for the heart CardioBasics The amino acids Proline Lysine Arginine Carnitine Cysteine Amino acids are responsible for: • Protein synthesis • Selection known to strengthen the heart muscle L-Carnitine • Amino acid, although strictly speaking not • Belongs more to the B vitamins • Body can synthesize if enough iron, vitamin B1, vitamin B6, lysine, and methionine are present • Dietary source is meat L-Carnitine • Transfers long-chain fatty acids into the mitochondria • Fuels the energy factories of the heart • 70% of the heart energy comes from fatty acid breakdown • In 1978, the first cardiovascular anti-ischemic effect was demonstrated and improvements in Electrocardiogram measurements Mitochondria Mitochondria CardioBasics The other ingredients Inositol Coenzyme Q10 Pycnogenol Other ingredients are responsible for: • Prevent hardening of the arteries (inositol) • Boost cardiac energy (CoQ10) • Antioxidant protection (Pycnogenol) Coenzyme Q10 • Small fat soluble molecule with three distinct functions: • Transport of electrons to mitochondria, essential for energy production • Fat soluble antioxidant protecting a.o. LDL particles • A high concentration of Co Q10 is found in the heart muscle Coenzyme Q10 • Functions in energy production within the mitochondria • Deficiency states have been demonstrated in the research to be associated with many diseases, primarily cardiovascular (Bliznakow EG, et al. Adv in Ther. 1998;15(4):218-228) Coenzyme Q10 • Over 40 human clinical trials have been conducted in relation to cardiac parameters • Meta-analysis on 8 studies showed significant effects for ejection fraction, cardiac output, stroke volume, enddiastolic volume (Soja, 1997) • Although statin drugs are used to reduce cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, they consequently lower Co Q10 levels Bio-C Ascorbic Acid (Vitamin C) Ascorbic acid can be bound to the long-chain fat, palmitic acid to form Ascorbyl palmitate. A fatsoluble form of Vitamin C. This is stored in the body and allows Vitamin C to get into fatty tissue. This includes atheromas. Vitamin C is usually known as a water-soluble vitamin. The body does not store it and any excess is removed from the body through urine. Ascorbyl Palmitate Cellular Essentials™ • Clinical Study with Nutritional supplement Program in Coronary Atherosclerosis cases • Niedzwiecki, et al. J. of Applied Nutrition (48) 1996. • After 12 months of supplementation: – 15% reduction in further calcification of the coronary arteries – in a subgroup of early CAD cases complete stop of further calcification and even reversal Multi Action System Improving heart function Reduction of cholesterol Giving more energy