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Medical Terminology Introduction Mrs. Elizabeth Keele, RN • Chapter 1 • Pages 1-4 Word Analysis HEMATOLOGY • HEMAT/O/LOGY Root Suffix (blood) (Study of) Combining Vowel • When you analyze a medical term, begin at the end of the word. • The ending of a word is called a suffix. • All medical terms contain suffixes. Word Analysis HEMATOLOGY • HEMAT/O/LOGY Root Suffix (blood) (Study of) Combining Vowel Root + combining vowel + suffix • Start at the suffix – Logy = Study of • Then go back to the beginning of the word. – Hemat = blood • Analysis (put it together) – Study of blood Word Analysis BIOLOGIST • BI/O/LOGIST Root (Life) Suffix (Specialist in) Combining Vowel Root + combining vowel + suffix • Start at the suffix – Logist = specialist in (the study of) • Go to the beginning – Bi = life • Analysis – Specialist in (the study of) life Word Analysis CARDIOGRAM • CARDI/O/GRAM Root Suffix (heart) (record) Combining Vowel Root + combining vowel + suffix • Start at the suffix – Gram = record • Go the to beginning – Cardi = heart • Analysis – Record of the heart Word Analysis ELECTROCARDIOGRAM • ELECTR/O/CARDI/O/GRAM Root Root Suffix (electricity) (heart) (record) Combining Vowel Root + CV + root + CV + suffix • Start at the suffix – Gram = record • Go the to beginning – Electr = electricity – Cardi = heart • Analysis – Record of the electricity in the heart ELECTROCARDIOGRAM E.C.G. (root-root-suffix) Word Analysis Roots • Cardi/o = heart • Gastr/o = stomach • Hemat/o = blood • Dermat/o = skin Suffix • -logy = study of • -logist = specialist • -gram = record • -ac = pertaining to • -itis = inflammation CARDIOLOGY • CARDI/O/LOGY • Study of the heart CARDIOLOGIST • CARDI/O/LOGIST • Specialist in the heart HEMATOLOGIST • HEMAT/O/LOGIST • Specialist in blood Word Analysis Roots • Cardi/o = heart • Gastr/o = stomach • Hemat/o = blood • Dermat/o = skin Suffix • -logy = study of • -logist = specialist • -gram = record • -ac = pertaining to • -itis = inflammation CARDIAC • CARDI/AC • Pertaining to the heart What’s different? • The combining vowel is dropped when the suffix begins with a vowel. Word Analysis Roots • Cardi/o = heart • Gastr/o = stomach • Hemat/o = blood • Dermat/o = skin Suffix • -logy = study of • -logist = specialist • -gram = record • -ac = pertaining to • -itis = inflammation DERMATITIS • DERMAT/ITIS • Inflammation of the skin Word Analysis Roots • Cardi/o = heart • Gastr/o = stomach • Hemat/o = blood • Dermat/o = skin Suffix • -logy = study of • -logist = specialist • -gram = record • -ac = pertaining to • -itis = inflammation GASTRITIS • GASTR/ITIS • Inflammation of the stomach Word Analysis Roots • Cardi/o = heart • Gastr/o = stomach • Hemat/o = blood • Enter/o = intestines Suffix • -logy = study of • -logist = specialist • -gram = record • -ac = pertaining to • -itis = inflammation GASTROENTEROLOGY • GASTR/O/ENTER/O/LOGY • Study of the stomach and intestines • 2 root words = OK • 2 CV = OK • Between roots the combining vowel is not dropped, even if the second root begins with a vowel. Word Analysis Roots • Electr/o = electicity • Encephal/o = brain • Gastr/o = stomach Suffix • -logy = study of • -logist = specialist • -gram = record • -ac = pertaining to • -itis = inflammation ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAM • ELECTR/O/ENCEPHAL/O/GRAM • Record of the electricity in the brain Word Analysis Prefix • a word-part attached to the beginning of the term Word Analysis Prefix • Brady = slow • Tachy = fast Root • Cardi/o = heart Suffix • -ia = condition / disease BRADYCARDIA • BRADY/CARD/IA • Condition of a slow heart Word Analysis Prefix • Brady = slow • Tachy = fast Root • Cardi/o = heart Suffix • -ia = condition / disease TACHYCARDIA • TACHY/CARD/IA • Condition of a fast heart Word Analysis - Review • • • • Root = gives the essential meaning of the term Suffix = the word ending Prefix = a small part added to the beginning of a term Combining vowel = connects roots to suffixes and roots to other roots • Combining form = combination of the root and a combining vowel Word Analysis - Rules • Read the meaning of medical words from the suffix, then to the beginning of the word and across • Drop the combining vowel before a suffix that starts with a vowel • Keep the combining vowel between roots, even if the root begins with a vowel Expectations • Every week you will be given 25 new prefixes, roots or suffixes to learn. • You will need to be able to give the meaning the medical terms created from that list • You will need to be able to give the medical term if you are given the meaning • Spelling is important!