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PROBLEM SOLVING: FORM WORDS TO SYMBLOS LESSON1.1 Keywords that indicate operations used in writing algebraic expressions. Operation ADDITION keywords Sum, total, plus, increased by, more than SUBTRACTION Difference, exceeds, less than, less, minus, decreased by, diminished by, subtracted from Keywords that indicate operations used in writing algebraic expressions. Operation keywords product, multiplied by, MULTIPLICATION times, twice, doubled, tripled DIVISION Quotient, divided by How to represent a word expression by algebraic symbols. First choose a variable to represent the unknowns. Identify the key word(s) that indicate the operation. Use algebraic symbols to represent the word expression. Example 1. Write an algebraic expression for each word expression. P29.50 less than the cost of a coat Solution: Let x = the cost of the coat. P29.50 less than the cost : x – 29.50 Example 2. Write an algebraic expression for each word expression. Five more than three times the number of pages Solution: Let p = the number of pages. Five more than three times the number : 3p +5 Many word problems involve more than one unknown . In these problems, one condition (CONDITION1) tells how the unknowns related. You can use this condition to represent the unknowns. A second condition (CONDITION 2) tells what quantities are equal. You can use this condition to write an equation for the problem. Example 3. In a recent year, the cost of electricity used for lighting a house was P9.00 less than 6 times the cost of operating a color tv set (CONDITION1). The total cost for these two items was P834.50 (CONDITION 2). Find the cost for lighting. Solution Use CONDITION1 to represent the unknowns. Let c = the cost of operating a color tv set . Then 6c - 9= the cost for lighting. Solution Use CONDITION 2 Check: to write an equation. CONDITION 1. Is the c + 6c - 9= 834.50 cost for lighting total cost P9.00 less than 6 Solve the equation: times the cost for the c + 6c - 9= 834.50 color tv? 7c -9 = 834.50 614.00 =6(P120 – 7c = 843.50 P9.00? c = 120.50 Yes. 6c – 9 = 614.00 Solution Use CONDITION 2 Check: to write an equation. CONDITION 2. Is c + 6c - 9= 834.50 the total cost total cost P834.50? Solve the equation: c + 6c - 9= 834.50 P614.00 + P120 = 7c -9 = 834.50 P834.50? 7c = 843.50 c = 120.50 Yes. 6c – 9 = 614.00 STEPS IN SOLVING WORD PROBLEMS. Identify CONDITION1.Use this condition to represent the unknowns. Identify CONDITION2. Use this condition to write an equation for the problem. Solve the equation. Check in the original conditions of the problem. Answer the question.