* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Download Intro to Electronics
Survey
Document related concepts
Schmitt trigger wikipedia , lookup
Valve RF amplifier wikipedia , lookup
Nanogenerator wikipedia , lookup
Power electronics wikipedia , lookup
Operational amplifier wikipedia , lookup
Cavity magnetron wikipedia , lookup
Power MOSFET wikipedia , lookup
Flexible electronics wikipedia , lookup
Integrated circuit wikipedia , lookup
Switched-mode power supply wikipedia , lookup
Negative resistance wikipedia , lookup
Current source wikipedia , lookup
Resistive opto-isolator wikipedia , lookup
RLC circuit wikipedia , lookup
Opto-isolator wikipedia , lookup
Rectiverter wikipedia , lookup
Surge protector wikipedia , lookup
Current mirror wikipedia , lookup
Transcript
Introduction to Electric Circuits What is Electricity? No one really knows… A good definition for our class is: “Electricity is the flow of electrons along a medium. This flow is caused by an imbalance of Electric Charges” “Mediums” or Conductos Wire Traces on a circuit board Air (lightning) Your body if you get electricuted AC/DC All household electricity is Alternating Current, this means the electrons in a wire vibrate back and forth to produce power All of our circuits will use Direct Current which means the electrons will flow from negative to positive along a closed circuit. Three Invisible Quantities Voltage (V) – – Current (I) – – Provides the “Push” Measured in “Volts” Flow of Electrons Measured in Amperes (Electrons per second) Resistance (R) – – Restricts the amount of current Measured in Ohms (Ω) Voltage Measures the “imbalance of electric charge” – – – a battery Parallel Port on the computer Power Supply box Currant electrons flowing through a wire Resistance Sources of Resistance: Water Analogy Think of Electricity as river: Voltage is the slope of the river. Current is the volume of water flowing Resistance is stuff like beaver dams and sunken boats that allow less water to get through. Electric Circuits All circuits need: – – A Medium (wire, Vacuum tube, your body…) An applied voltage (Battery, power supply) Current flows from positive to negative when there is a closed loop Note: It is actually the electrons that are flowing from negative to positive, but for sake of tradition and convention we say the positive charge flows from positive to negative. (Protons don’t move!) Two Types of Circuits Series – Only one path for the charge to flow Parallel – More then one path A Circuit In Series Only one path for the electrons to flow A Circuit in Parallel More then 1 path for the electrons: A Short Circuit Electricity always follows the path of least resistance to get from the power to the ground. When it takes a short cut it’s called a “Short Circuit” Circuit Components: LED Stands for Light Emitting Diode Polarity is important! – – – Short lead goes to ground The flat side of the LED goes to ground “The line, is the line, is the line” Schematic Symbol: Resistors Resistors are used to “limit current” and drop voltage. (Remember Ohm’s law?) The schematic symbol is: Always label resistors with the resistance value (in Ohms) R1 1k 100 Resistor Colour Chart Reading Resistor Values Start at the end opposite the gold or silver band Write down the first two numbers The last numbers tells you how many 0’s Ex: Red – Brown – Orange =2-1- 3 The resistance is 21000 Ground Ground is where the positive charge flows to. Symbol: Now for you… Do Intro to Electronics on the website.