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Wheatstone Bridge An Overview Orange Team Introduction to Engineering Design Introduction History How does it work? How is it used? Impact of the circuit Summary : http://www.opamp-electronics.com/tutorials/bridge_circuits_1_08_10.htm History The Wheatstone Bridge was invented in 1833 by Samuel Hunter Christie Later named after Sir Charles Wheatstone for his many applications of the circuit through the 1840s The most common procedure for the bridge remains the testing of unknown electrical resistance How Does it Work? Uses ratio of 3 known resistors Measures fourth unknown resistance Balanced voltage between point 1 and battery’s negative, and between point 2 and battery’s negative allows the measurement : http://www.opampelectronics.com/tutorials/bridge_circuits_1_08_10.htm How Does it Work? (cont.) By changing resistors to adjusting variable resistors to balance the device, the mathematical ratio is used to calculate the fourth (unknown) resistance : http://www.opampelectronics.com/tutorials/bridge_circuits_1_08_10.htm How is it used? Main focus of the Wheatstone Bridge = applications using electricity The circuit monitors sensor devices like strain gauges – it reads the level of the strain in the system The galvanometer measures whether the gauges are balanced or not Electrical power distributors use the Wheatstone Bridge to locate breaks in the power lines Impact of the Wheatstone Bridge The Wheatstone Bridge is a very simple design, although there are more complex versions of achieving the same outcome Can be adjusted easily Fairly inexpensive to produce Also indirectly measures any variable that would change the resistance of a material Ex: temperature, force, pressure Summary Created in 1833, popularized in 1840s Wheatstone bridges are one of the best methods of measuring resistance due to the basic mathematical ratio involved. Accurate standards with sensitive enough voltmeter, measurements of resistance within .05% can be reached. Many calibration laboratories still use this method today. The Wheatstone Bridge are replaceable; however, for its simplicity and versatility the circuit is an indispensible piece of technology Works Cited Johnson, R.. "MEMS enables electrically trimmable passive resistor. " Electronic Engineering Times 9 Mar. 2009: ABI/INFORM Trade & Industry, ProQuest. Web. 20 Sep. 2010. Kuphaldt, Tony. "Bridge Circuits." OpAmp Electronics. Web. 19 Sept. 2010. <www.opamp-electronics.com/tutorials/bridge_circuits_1_08_10.htm >. "The Wheatstone Bridge: Using Bridge Circuits to Provide Signal Conditioning."Suite101.com. Web. 20 Sept. 2010. <http://www.suite101.com/>. "The Wheatstone Bridge. Web. 20 Sept. 2010. <http://www.play-hookey.com/>