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Transcript
Diagramming circuits Ohm’s Law Mnemonic Definitions Current: the number of electrons that go through a wire in one second Voltage: the pressure that pushes the electrons V = IR R = V/I I = V/R Resistance: the material property that makes it hard to push an electron through a wire Power: the rate at which energy is used up. The more power, the brighter a light bulb. Ohm’s Law Mnemonic P = IV where P = Power (in Watts, the rate at which energy is consumed) I = Current V = Voltage Typical household voltage is 120V. Important equations for Electricity Series Circuits VT = V 1 + V 2 + V3 + … RT = R1 + R2 + R3 + … IT = I 1 = I 2 = I 3 = … V = Voltage (Volts) I = Current (Amps) R = Resistance (Ohms) In a series electric circuit all of the electrons must flow through the same elements. Parallel Circuits VT = V 1 = V 2 = V3 = … 1/RT = 1/R1 + 1/R2 + 1/R3, … IT = I 1 + I 2 + I3 + … In a series circuit each resistor adds to the total resistance. In a parallel electric circuit electrons may flow through different circuit elements. In a parallel circuit each resistor provides another way for electrons to flow. Series Circuit I4 = A VT = V1 + V2 + V3 + … V V7 =3 R7 = V V8 = R8 = 2 RT = R1 + R2 + R3 + … V6 = 5 + A I5 = IT = I 1 = I 2 = I 3 = … Parallel Circuit R1 = 100 Ohms R2 = 200 Ohms VT = V1 = V2 = RT = VT + R1 IT IT = I1 = I2 = 0.4A A V1, I1 R2 V2, I2 V Parallel Circuit R1 = 200 Ohms R2 = 200 Ohms VT = V1 = V2 = RT = VT R1 IT IT = I1 = I2 = 1A A V1, I1 R2 V2, I2 V