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Electric Current In this session we will, • • • • Review how we measure electric charge Discuss voltage and electric current Look at electric current in batteries Review Ohm’s Law Before we begin, let’s discuss. .. . • How do materials develop electric charge? • Under what conditions does electric charge flow? Coulombs • Coulomb = standard unit of electric charge • In other words, the amount of electric charge possessed by an object is measured in coulombs. • One coulomb = 6 billion billion electrons, or about the amount of charge that flows through a 12-watt light bulb. – Shows you how tiny electrons are Coulomb’s Law Volts • Voltage exists when there is an imbalance in charge • If two objects have different amount of charge, there is voltage between them • For example, standard battery has a voltage difference of 1.5 volts between its positive and negative terminals • Volts expressed in joules/coulomb Review To This Point • In a 12-volt car battery, every coulomb of charge that moves from one side to the other does ________ joules of work. Ohm’s Law • Electric current is driven by ________. • Electric current is measured in ______, which is dependent on _______ and ______. • Electrical resistance is measured in ______. • Ohm’s Law: I = V/R, where I is amperes, V is voltage, and R is resistance Ohm’s Law Triangle • To calculate voltage, V: put your finger over V, this leaves you with I R, so the equation is V = I × R • To calculate current, I: put your finger over I, this leaves you with V over R, so the equation is I = V/R • To calculate resistance, R: put your finger over R, this leaves you with V over I, so the equation is R = V/I Ohm’s Law Practice • 1) 3 volts is applied over a 6 ohm resistor. What is the current in amperes? • 2) A lamp connected to a 6 volt battery passes a current of 0.06 amperes. What is the lamp’s resistance? • 3) A 1200 ohm resistor passes a current of 0.2 amperes. What is the voltage? Questions?