Download Reported Speech. Presentation in Powerpoint.

REPORTED SPEECH
REPORTED SPEECH
What is it ?
How do you use it?
Where’s
Tom?
He said he
was feeling
ill.
We use it when we want to tell another person
about a conversation that took place in the past
(e.g telephone call, news or a story that someone
told us, etc.)
CHANGES FROM DIRECT TO
REPORTED SPEECH:
Verb Tense (when the Reporting Verb is in
the Past Tense – most times)
Personal Pronouns, Possessives
(In a logical way, see every sentence)
Demonstratives: This  That
These Those
Time & Place Expressions
Verb Tense Changes:
' I know quite a lot of people
here.'
Robert said.
'John is feeling much better '
Paul said.
Present
Simple
Simple Past
Present
Continuous
Past
Continuous
' I enjoyed my holiday in the
States'
David said.
'Jackie wasn´t feeling very
well '
The teacher said.
' They‘ve seen the Eiffel Tower
'
John said.
' I have been waiting for ages
'
My father said.
' Nobody had warned them
about the storm ' The politician
said.
' She had been reading all
day '
Brenda said.
Simple Past
Past Perfect
Past
Continuous
Past Perfect
Continuous
Present
Perfect
Past Perfect
Present
Perfect
Continuous
Past Perfect
Past Perfect
Continuous
Past Perfect
(No change)
Past Perfect
Continuous
Past Perfect
Continuous
(No change)
He said that he
...............................
quite a lot of people there
He said that John
...........................much better
He said that he
............................... his holiday
in the States
He said that Jackie
.........................
very well
He said that they
............................
the Eiffel Tower
He said that he
............................
for ages
He said that nobody
.................... about the storm
She said that she
........................ all day
' I will be here with you.'
Robert promised me.
Future
Simple
Conditional
Robert promised that he
...............................
there with me
'John is going to study
French '
Paul said.
Be going to
Was/Were
going to
Paul said that John
...........................
to study French
' We can start the lesson'
David said.
Can
Could
David said that we
............................... start the
lesson
' They may come home '
My husband said.
May
Might
My husband said that they
.........................
come home
' You must be quiet in class '
The teacher told us.
Must
Had to
‘ I’ll see you later!’ She said.
Will/ Shall
Would
The teacher told us that we
............................
be quiet in class
She said that she ………..…
me later.
MODAL VERBS:
Changes in Time and Place expressions:
Time
Place
Now
Ago
Then
Before
here
there
today
that day
This town/
garden...
That town/
garden ...
tomorrow
the following day OR
the day after
These cities/ ...
Those cities/ ...
yesterday
the previous day OR
the day before
last week/
month/ ...
the previous week/
month ... OR the week
before
Next week /
month/ ...
The following week /
month OR the week/
month after
REPORTING STATEMENTS
Statements are Affirmative or Negative Sentences.
We use a Reporting Verb + That (it can be omitted) +
Subject + verb in Previous tense + ...
- “The students are tired”- said the teacher
The teacher said (that) the students were tired.
- “It’s the funniest show I’ve ever seen” -Joan told
me.
Joan told me (that) it was the funniest show she
had ever seen.
- “I’ll call you this afternoon” - Mary assured
Mary assured us (that) she would call us that
afternoon.
Reporting Verbs:
ADD
ADMIT *
ANSWER
ARGUE
ASSURE
BOAST about *
COMPLAIN to .. About *
DENY *
EXPLAIN
GRUMBLE about *
OBJECT to *
OBSERVE
POINT OUT
PROMISE
PROTEST against /about *
REMARK
REPLY
* These verbs + ing
The most common ones:
TELL + I.O. and SAY
Followed by THAT ( Remember it can be omitted!)
REPORTING QUESTIONS
A) YES / NO QUESTIONS:
Reporting Verb + If or whether + Subject + Verb +...
(Order of Reported Question:
Subject + Verb - as in Statements)
“Are you working these days?” he said.
He asked if/whether I was working those days. (No Question Mark)
“Did you speak to John last night?” she asked
She wanted to know if I had spoken to J, the night before.
B) WH- QUESTIONS:
Reporting Verb + Question Word(s) + Subject + Verb
(The Word Order is again the same as in Statements)
“Where did you go last summer?”.
He asked me where I had gone the previous summer.
“How long were you waiting for us?”
She wanted to know how long I had been waiting for them.
Introductory verbs:
ask, wonder, would like/ want to know, …
REPORTING COMMANDS (= ORDERS)
The Imperative changes into (Not) To Infinitive:
He said to us: “Stay here” He told us to stay there
The Reporting Verb must indicate “order”:
He said: “Don’t mention that”
He told me not to mention that.
“Say that again”, he said to me
He asked me to say that again.
Reporting Verbs:
Tell,ask, beg, invite, warn, order, command, instruct,...
REPORTING SUGGESTIONS:
We normally use suggest + gerund
OR suggest that + Clause
•Let’s, why don’t we, shall we, why not… are omitted:
“Let’s go to the theatre”
“Why don’t we go to the theatre?”
“Shall we go to the theatre?”
She suggested going to the theatre
She suggested that we (should) go to the theatre
“Let’s not argue again,” he said.
He suggested not arguing again
He suggested that they should not argue again.
REPORTING REQUESTS
We use these Reporting Verbs:
beg, ask, demand, request + (not) to
(they usually take an Indirect Object)
The word “please” is omitted.
“Can I go out tonight, mum, please?” The boy begged.
The boy begged to go out that night.
“John, don’t open the window, please” I said
I asked /requested/begged John not to open the window.
“Can you let me use your phone, please?” I asked my
neighbour.
I asked my neighbour to let me use her phone.
“Can I use your phone?” I asked my neighbour
I asked my neighbour if I could use her phone OR
To use her phone
Other Verbs & Structures:
Agree, refuse, offer, promise, threaten
+ To Infinitive:
Ann: Would you wait half an hour?
Tom: All right
Tom agreed to wait half an hour.
Chris: Would you lend me another €50?
David: No, I won´t lend you any more money
David refused ...
Accuse of, admit, apologize for, deny, insist on
+ Gerund
You took my money! He accused her of ...
I didn’t steal it! He denied ...
I am sorry I’m late  She apologized for ...
Let me pay, please  She insisted on ...