Download Communication Principles from Verderber and

Communication
Principles
from Verderber and Verderber Chapter 1
Communication is Predicated
on the Past
• We learn language
• We learn rules of behavior
• We all have our own “canned plans” of scripts we draw upon
when confronted with specific situations.
• Not all scripts we use are ideal. . . . BUT
• We CAN learn new scripts.
Why do we communicate?
• To Share Meaning
• To meet Social Goals
• To Manage our Personal Identity
• Barnlund’s six selves
• To conduct our relationships
Characteristics of Interpersonal
Communication (Principles)
• Interpersonal Communication is
Continuous
• It may not be intentional
• Nonverbal communication is analogical
• Verbal communication is digital (or discrete)
• Interpersonal Communication is
Transactional
Characteristics of Interpersonal
Communication (Principles)
• Interpersonal Communication is unavoidable,
unrepeatable, and irreversible.
• Interpersonal Communication is situated
(contextual)
• Interpersonal Communication is indexical
• We measure our relationships at particular
points in time. (Trust, Control, and Intimacy)
• Meaning is in people, NOT words!
Characteristics of Interpersonal
Communication (Principles)
• Communication Contains both Content
and Relationship Dimensions
• Interpersonal Communication Messages
Vary in Degree of Conscious Encoding
A. Ritualized communication:
Phatic (used to convey a pleasant social mood;
Have a nice day!)
Daily Rituals
B. Technical communication
• Communication is a Series of Punctuated
Events.
Characteristics of Interpersonal
Communication (Principles)
• Communication Involves many Channels
A. Mass Media
B. Interpersonal Media
C. Mixed media
• Communication varies in the level of
Media Richness
• Communication is Historical
What makes Social Media Different
than Face to Face?
• The temporal structure is different:
• F2F communication happens in real time (synchronous)
• It allows for asynchronous messages
• The media lack many social cues of conversation
• It’s less media rich in some ways.
Lean
Bulk Mail
Posters
Rich
Letters, Email
Facebook
Texting, Twitter
Telephone
Skype
Face to Face
Characteristics of Interpersonal
Communication (Principles)
• *Interpersonal Communication often presents Ethical Challenges.
Ethical communicators. . .
•
•
•
•
•
•
are Truthful and Honest?
have Integrity (or are consistent in their beliefs or actions)
are Fair
act with Respect to other points of view
are Responsible for their actions
demonstrate Empathy for others
The Dark Side also affects interpersonal communications.
Come to the Dark Side!
• Dark Side messages occur
when we fail to use
appropriate or ethical
behavior
• We don’t always act ethically.
• Q1: Why?
• Q2: Should we always act
ethically?
• Q3: Are there
consequences for doing
so?
• Q4: Do you use scripts (or
canned responses)?
Strange Situations
• Your brother spends a lot of money on his car, the problem is,
he spends your mom’s money, not his own. He buys a new set
of rims for the car and asks you if you like them, how do you
respond?
• Your best friend is in a verbally abusive relationship. Your
friend’s partner constantly uses degrading language. Your
friend tells you that they might move in together, what do you
say?
• Your friend Monica has a birthday coming up and asks you not
to say anything to her husband about it because he forgot it
the previous year and she wants to see if he remembers it.
• Q1: Do you tell him anyway?
• Q2: If you don’t and he forgets, what do you say to your friend
about him?
Don’t go to the Dark Side!
Unethical
Ethical
Appropriate
Inappropriate
Bright Side
Hard Dark Side
Easy Dark Side
Evil Dark Side
Interpersonal Competence
• Is a perception by others that your messages are both
Effective AND Appropriate
• Effective messages achieve the goals of the interaction (the
instrumental purpose of the message)
• Appropriate messages conform to the social, relational, and
ethical expectations of behavior.
Generalized Personality Types
Effective
Ineffective
Getting what you want
Concern for self
Steamroller
Aggressive Personality
Winning is Everything
(I win, you lose!)
Recluse
Abrasive Personality
I lose, therefore I will make
sure you lose too!
Roadkill
Concern For Others
Diplomat
Cooperative Personality
Relationships are
important but so are
personal needs
(I win, You win!)
Accommodative
Personality
Relationships or more
important the personal
needs. (You win, I lose)
Doormat
Appropriateness of Communication Style
Ways to Improve Competency
(this is the focus of the upcoming chapters)
• Acquire Interpersonal Communication Knowledge
• Work to increase your emotional intelligence (rhetorical sensitivity)
• Increase Your Skills
• Micro-skills sets include learned message templates with a
specific interaction purpose.
•
•
•
•
•
Active vs. Critical listening
Paraphrasing (to verify understanding)
Praising
Describing behaviors
Describing feelings
• Use these skill sets to develop or modify your skill scripts.
Ways to Improve Competency
(this is the focus of the upcoming chapters)
• Be Motivated to Demonstrate Competence
• Understand the benefits to you AND others
• Be willing to UNLEARN old/ineffective scripts and create new
ones.
• Develop Behavioral Flexibility
• Develop Improvement Plans (Page 25)
1.
2.
3.
4.
State the problem
State the Goal
Outline a specific plan for reaching the goal
Identify how you will know you have reached the goal
Understanding Social Media and
Interpersonal Communication
• Social Media are those highly accessible technologies that
facilitate communication and interaction
• Do you agree with this definition?
• We use digital communication to manage our personal
identities.
• Our “social network” consists of people we know and are
connected by friendship, common interests, family ties,
beliefs, or knowledge