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Download Freshwater Fish - Campbell County Schools
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Wildlife and Fishery Science Fish • Cold blooded animals that depend on their environment for body heat • Freshwater and Saltwater environments • Crucial anatomy features • Shapes and sizes of body parts vary with species • Breathing • Gills • How does this work?! Breathing • Water containing dissolved oxygen passes through the GILLS of the fish • Oxygen enters the tissue in the gills where it becomes attached to blood cells • Waste materials flow across the gill tissue to the surrounding water • Breathing Reproduction • Spawn • Reproduce • Females deposit roe (eggs) in depressions beneath the water • Male fertilizers by discharging milt (sperm) on the surfaces Freshwater Fish • Freshwater • All the waters on this continent that are not high in salt continent • Most springs, streams, rivers, lakes, marshes, canals, and ponds • These sources vary greatly across the continent • Temperature, Oxygen Content, pH, rate of flow, dissolved nutrients, and degree of pollution Catfish • 2 Families, 46 Species in North America • Largest Family, Bullhead • 45 species from Canada to Mexico Bullhead Catfish • 4 pairs of barbels (feelers or whiskers) • Give the fish a sense of touch to locate food • Bony spines located at the bases of their dorsal fins • • • • Pectoral fins correspond to front legs in terrestrial animals Adipose fins store fat Pelvic Fins correspond to rear legs Prominent Anal fin • Tough Skins and No Scales and Sharp Spines • White Catfish • • • • • • • Medium Brown Bullhead • 12-15 inches Margined Madtom • 12 Inches Flathead Catfish • 20-30 lbs Yellow Bullhead • Max 18-19 in Channel Catfish • 30 Inches, 15 lbs Stonecat • 12 inches Sunfish • Native to North America • These fish are laterally compressed • Greater measure from their back to their belly than from side to side • Become active in direct sunlight • This family includes basses, crappies, and bluegills • Several distinctly different fishes belonging to different families are among the basses Sunfish Mating • • • • Males build nests in which the females lay their eggs Nests are a shallow depression in the gravel or sand Males fan the loose material away with his fins Each male defends a small area in the vicinity of the nest, the eggs, and the small fish. • Sunfish of different species may mate together producing hybrids • Commonly happens when the water is polluted or dirty • Potentially because they have trouble distinguishing between different species. • • • • • • • • • • Redear Sunfish Blackbanded Sunfish Warmouth Longear Sunfish Redbreast Sunfish Pumpkinseed Smallmouth Bass Largemouth Bass Black Crappie Banded Sunfish • • • • • • • Bluespotted Sunfish Mud Sunfish Rock Bass Green Sunfish Bluegill Spotted Bass White Crappie Perch • Second largest family in North America • Darters • Bottom dwelling • Major food source for larger fish • Popular game fish include the Sauger and Walleye • Have the ability to see in the dark • Tapetum Lucidum, special tissue in eye • • • • • • • • • • Greenside Darter Banded Darter Rainbow Darter Bluebreast Darter Johnny Darter Tesselated Darter Gilt Darter Spotted Darter Longhead Darter Eastern Sand Darter • • • • • • Tippecanoe Darter Yellow Perch Logperch Sauger Saugeye Walleye Trout, Carp, and Whitefish • Several species of this family will migrate to the ocean. These species are strictly freshwater. • Large number of species even though they look quite different, divided into different groups or races within the species • Most migrate to their spawning areas • They spawn in clean gravel so that the eggs can be trapped in the rocks and the eggs are well aerated. • Coho Salmon • Golden Rainbow Trout • Chinook Salmon • Brown Trout • Pink Salmon • Brook Trout • Rainbow Trout • Lake Trout • Steelhead • Atlantic Salmon Minnows and Suckers • Found on every continent • 231 species occur north of Mexico • Includes carp, goldfish, squawfish, shiners, chubs Suckers • • • • • Quillback White Sucker Northern Hog Sucker River Redhorse Shorthead Redhorse
