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Week 16
World History
Day 1
What was the Great Schism?
What were 3 effects of the bubonic plague?
Which event do you think diminished the power
of the Church more-the Great Schism or the
bubonic plague? Explain w/ evidence your
answer
The Ottomans Build a Vast Empire
Many Turks live in Anatolia,view themselves as
ghazis—warriors who fight for Islam
Osman Establishes a State
1300 to 1326, Osman, successful ghazi, builds
state in Anatolia Europeans call him Othman and
followers Ottomans
Ottomans win battles because they use muskets
and cannons
Successors expand through alliances and land
salessman Establishes a State
Orkhan, Osman’s son, declares himself sultan—
overlord In 1361, Turks conquer Adrianople
Ottomans rule fairly over conquered peoples
Timur the Lame Halts Expansion
Timur the Lame—Tamerlane—rises to power in
Central Asia
Timur defeats Ottomans in 1402, burning Baghdad
Powerful Sultans Spur Dramatic Expansion
 son, Mehmed II, conquers
Constantinople in 1453 Opens city to Jews,
Christians, and Muslims and rebuilds
Ottomans Take Islam’s Holy Cities
In 1512, Selim the Grim, Mehmed’s grandson,
comes to power defeats Persian Safavids and
pushes into North Africa
Conquers Mecca, Medina, and Cairo: important
Muslim cities
Suleyman the Lawgiver, Selim’s son, rules from
1520 to 1566
Suleyman conquers Belgrade (1521) and Rhodes
(1522) control eastern Mediterranean, North African
coastline, control inland trade routes
1526, Ottoman Empire is the largest in the world
Highly Structured Social Organization
Suleyman creates law code, reduces bureaucracy,
simplifies taxation
30,000 soldiers—janissaries—loyal to the sultan
Jews and Christians allowed to practice religion
Cultural Flowering
Suleyman’s broad interests lead to flourishing of
arts, learning
Mosque
of
Suleyman
Gradual Fall
Suleyman kills
one son and
exiles another
Third son
inherits throne but
rules weakly
Later sultans kill
their brothers and
leave their sons
uneducated
Long line of
weak sultans
leads to empire’s
eventual fall
Group
Ruler
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Success
Years
Day 2
Do you think that Suleyman's religious tolerance
helped or hurt the empire?
Where did the Ottoman empire extend too?
Why is Suleyman the lawgiver famous?
Cultural Blending in Persia
Between 16th and 18th centuries a Shi’ite Muslim
dynasty ruled Persia - Safavid Empire—
Causes of Cultural Blending
Changes from migration, conquest, trade, religion
Results in changes in language, religion, gov't,
technology, racial and ethnic blending, intermarriage
Cultural styles adapted into arts and architecture
Safavid Origins
 Begins as religious order built powerful military
Fourteen-year-old Isma’il conquers Iran by 1451
Takes title of shah—king
Makes Shi’a Islam official religion; kills Sunnis
Son, Tahmasp, greatly expands empire
A Safavid Golden Age
Shah Abbas—Abbas the Great—takes throne
in 1587
Helps create a thriving Safavid culture
Reforms military and government; brings in
Christian trade
A New Capital
Esfahan—new capital—is one of world’s most
beautiful cities
Art Works
Chinese artisans blend Chinese and Persian
styles
Carpets
Carpet weaving becomes national industry
Shah Abbas
The Dynasty Declines Quickly
The Safavid Empire Weakens
Abbas kills and blinds his ablest sons
Safi, Abbas's incompetent grandson, leads to
empire’s decline
By 1722, the empire is losing land to the Ottomans
and Afghans
Nadir Shah Afshar expands the empire, but it falls
apart in 1747
Group
Write a 30-90 second radio script advertisement
for the Shah Abbas that will encourage people to
visit Esfhan.
Include: What makes Esfahan special.
Arts, Crafts, Architecture,
Cultural influences a visitor could recognize
Homework
Day 3
What are the 4 causes of cultural blending?
How did the location of the Safavid empire
contribute to the cultural blending in the empire?
Why might Isma'il have become so intolerant of
the Sunni Muslims?
Mongols, invade northwestern India
Muslims and Hindus fight for almost 300 years
1000, loose empire of Turkish warlords—Delhi
Sultanate—forms
Delhi Sultanate
Sultans rule from Delhi between 13th - 16th c.
Timur the Lame rises to power destroys Delhi in
1398
Babur Founds an Empire
Babur, king of small land in Central Asia at age 11
Is dethroned and driven south into India
Conquers much of N. India, formed Mughal
Empire
Son Humayun lost most of the conquered territory
Babur’s grandson succeeds Humayan
Babur's Grandson
Akbar—“Greatest One”— rules India from 1556
to 1605
Akbar uses cannons; names native Indians as
officers
Religious freedom and cuts tax on non-Muslims
llows all ppl a chance to serve in high gov't office
Hindu finance minister develops better tax plan;
income grows
Akbar gives land to his officials, then reclaims it
when they die
Many cultures blend, mixing art, education,
politics, and language
New languages like Hindi and Urdu emerge
Akbar’s Successors
Akbar’s son, Jahangir, allows wife Nur Jahan to
run government appoints her father prime minister
Nur Jahan favors son Khusrau over other sons
Khusrau rebels, supported by Sikhs, nonviolent
religious group, Sikhs become targets of Mughal
hatred
Shah Jahan—Jahangir’s son and successor,
marries Persian princess
Assassinates all competitors for throne
Wife dies while giving birth to 14th child in 1631
Taj Mahal—huge marble tomb Shah Jahan builds
for his wife one of the most beautiful buildings in the
world
The People Suffer
People suffer paying for wars and monuments
Shah Jahan’s third son—Aurangzeb—imprisons
father and takes over
Rules 1658 - 1707; expands empire to its largest
Strictly enforces Islamic law & attempts to kill Hindus
Hindus rebel and Sikhs become militant Levies
oppressive taxes on Hindus, causing more rebellion
Over 2 million people die of famine while Aurangzeb
wages war
Emperor becomes a figurehead; empire breaks into
separate states
Meanwhile, traders arrive from England, Holland,
France, Portugal European traders gain key ports
Group
Find 3 idioms on page 518
Explain their meaning
Share an example of an idiom not from the text
Define Idiom
Homework