Download 33 Islam PowerPoint

What is the function of
religion?
How does religion still impact
our world today?
What is Islam?
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A religion followed by over 21% of the
world’s population (1.5 billion people) who
live by following the Qur’an and the
example of their prophet, Muhammad.
Islam = “peace, submission (to give in)
to the will of God” -> RELIGION
Muslim = “one who submits to the will of
God” -> FOLLOWER
How is Islam related to Judaism
and Christianity?
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Belief in one God (monotheism)
– different names for Him
All are “Abrahamic Religions” that began
in the Middle East
God
Yahweh
Share stories of the Old Testament/
Torah
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Muslims respect Christians and Jews as
“Peoples of the Book”
Allah
“Birthplace of Three Religions” Activity
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Read the 2.2 article and answer questions
#1 to #10 on the last page with your partner.
“Birthplace of Three Religions” Answers
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
monotheistic
Abraham, Mesopotamia
new, more than one
a leader or savior
False (still waiting)
True (Jesus)
Allah
Muhammad
Qur’an (Koran)
Abraham, David, Moses
Who was Muhammad?
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Lived from 570 to 632 CE in
Saudi Arabia, near Mecca
Prophet/founder of Islam - human, not divine
610 CE: revelation begins (god speaks to him)
while he is praying in the mountains
Muhammad shares God’s messages with people in
Mecca and becomes famous
622 CE: leaders in Mecca force Muhammad to
flee to Medina (this journey is called the Hijrah)
629 CE: Muhammad and his followers return and
conquer Mecca
“Muhammad and the Koran” Video Activity
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Answer the following questions while watching the
video:
How do Muslims sometimes refer to Muhammad?
What did the voice Muhammad heard in the
mountains tell him to do?
“Muhammad and the Koran” Video Answers
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Answer the following questions while watching the
video:
How do Muslims sometimes refer to Muhammad?
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“the Prophet” – he is too sacred/important to use his
name or draw pictures of him
What did the voice Muhammad heard in the
mountains tell him to do?
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RECITE – tell others what God was telling him
What is the Qur’an (Koran)?
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Holy book of Islam
 Revealed to Muhammad by God through the
angel, Gabriel
 Written in Arabic by scribes after Muhammad’s
life and put together as a whole about 20 years
after Muhammad’s death
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Qur’an = “recite”
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Other holy books: Hadiths and Sunnah
The Five Pillars
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
Proclaim:
 “There is no God but the God (Allah) and
Muhammad is the prophet of God”
Prayer, five times every day
Give alms (money/aid) to the poor and needy
Fasting (no eating), sun-up to sun-down during
month of Ramadan
Hajj – pilgrimage (religious journey) to Mecca
(at least once in a Muslim’s life)
5 Pillars
Activity Break
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1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Complete “The Five Pillars of Islam” on page 5
with a partner.
Answers:
F
C, G
A
B, D
E
What do Muslims believe in?
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one, true God (Allah)
angels
the holy books
the prophets = someone God speaks through
(Abraham, Moses, Jesus, Muhammad, etc.)
the Day of Judgment
life after death (heaven and hell)
God controls all that happens
Activity Break
Read “Origins of Islam: Abraham and the
Ka’bah” and answer questions #11 and #12 on
the last page.
 Answers:
11. Abraham
12. The Ka’ba is important to Muslims because
they believe it was a sacred place for Abraham
that Muhammad later came to and blessed for
Islam.
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What is the Ka’bah?
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Located in the center of Mecca
Built before the religion of Islam was founded
(said to have been built by Abraham and Ishmael as
an altar to God)
Used by pre-Muslim Arabs for worship of their
many gods (polytheism)
630 C.E.: reclaimed by Muhammad and dedicated
to Allah
Center of Islam today– place of annual pilgrimage
and direction of prayer for Muslims from all over
the world
Other Holy Places
The Great Mosque in Mecca
(Ka’bah)
The Prophet’s
Mosque in Medina
The Dome of the
Rock in Jerusalem
Video Break
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Muhammad’s Night Journey
Watch the video and answer the
following question:
“Why is Jerusalem and the Dome of
the Rock important to Muslims?”
Video Break
Muhammad’s Night Journey
Watch the video and answer the
following question:
“Why is Jerusalem and the Dome of
the Rock important to Muslims?”
 Answer:
 It is the place where Muslims believe
Muhammad rose to heaven.
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What is a Mosque?
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A place for prayer, study, socializing
No shoes in prayer hall
Women cover head, separate from men
Room for cleaning before prayer
Minarets: towers where the call to prayer is made
Prayer hall faces Mecca
Imam: prayer leader
Listening Activity Break
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http://www.bbc.co.uk/southyorkshire/content/
articles/2008/06/12/sounds_of_faith_feature
.shtml
Listen to a Muslim call to prayer.
What language is the speaker using?_________
How do other religions use chanting or song?
Listening Activity Break Key
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What language is the speaker using? Arabic
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How do other religions use chanting or song?
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Prayer, worship, celebration, etc.
Holy Days
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Ramadan - a month of daytime fasting, during the 9th
month of the Islamic calendar, purpose is to bring one
closer to God
Eid al-Fitr - at the end of Ramadan, Muslims celebrate
"The Festival of Fast-Breaking"
Hajj - each year during the 12th month of the Islamic
calendar, millions of Muslims make an annual pilgrimage to
Mecca
Eid al-Adha - At the end of the annual pilgrimage,
Muslims celebrate "The Festival of Sacrifice"
Who are Muslims?
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More than one billion people throughout the world
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Outline the map on the next slide.
Two major groups (sects):
 Sunni: 80% in many locations throughout the
world
 Shi’ah: 15%, mostly in Iran
 Difference is political - basic beliefs and
practices are the same
Sufis are Muslim mystics
Color countries where the majority of people are
Muslim (GREEN), and circle the country with
the most Muslims.
Indonesia
Sects of Islam Activity Break
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Read “Sunni and Shi’ah Islam” and “Sufism” and
complete the Venn diagram.
Sunni
Shi’ah
Sects of Islam Activity Key
Sunni
• thought Abu
Bakr was
Muhammad’s
successor
• 90% of Muslims
are Sunni
• name means “the
path shown by
Muhammad”
share views
on Qur’an,
Muhammad,
God, and
worship
(differ in
practice)
Shi’ah
• thought
Muhammad’s
cousin was his
successor
• dominant in Iran
• followers called
Shi’ites
• emphasis on
suffering for your
faith
Muslim Stereotypes
1.
2.
All Muslims are Arabs.
Muslims are violent and promote terrorism.
Activity Break: Read “Islam and
Stereotypes” and answer questions #13 and
#14 on the last page.
Muslim Stereotypes Answers
13.
All Muslims are Arabs.
Not all Muslims are Arab and not all Arabs are
Muslim. The largest Muslim populated country is
Indonesia, where a majority of people would be of
Indonesian decent, not Arab. Muslims come from many
countries all over the world today.
14.
Muslims are violent and promote terrorism.
Terrorist groups in Islam are extreme or fundamental
groups and do not represent the majority of Muslim
groups who consider Islam a religion of peace. The
media helps portray this stereotype since violence
receives more media coverage.
What about Jihad?
 “Struggle” not
“Holy War”
 The inner struggle a person has to
live a good life is called Jihad. For
many Muslims, it includes the holy
duty to try to win others over to
Islam by setting a good example.
 Extremists: misuse Jihad to justify
violence
Violence and Jihad Video Break
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Watch and answer the following question:
When did Muhammad say it was alright to fight to
defend yourself.
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What does the Qur’an say about killing?
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Are Muslim terrorists following Islamic law when they
kill innocent civilians?__________
Violence and Jihad Video Answers
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When did Muhammad say it was alright to fight to
defend yourself.
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What does the Qur’an say about killing?
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When you are PERSECUTED, meaning harassed or
hurt because of your religion.
The Qur’an says killing is ALWAYS bad, but if
necessary to defend your self only , you may inadvertently
kill someone
Are Muslim terrorists following Islamic law when they
kill innocent civilians? NO
What about women in Islam?
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Supposed to act and dress modestly and be
protected by men
Hijab: veil, differs from culture to culture
Burkha: heavy cover /veil not a religious
requirement
Video Break
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Muhammad and Women
Watch the video and answer the questions:
Why do many Muslim women wear the hijab?
Why did Nadia’s dad try to persuade her
NOT to wear hijab?
Video Answers Muhammad and Women
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Why do many Muslim women wear the hijab?
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As a sign of modesty and a symbol of their
religion.
Why did Nadia’s dad try to persuade her
NOT to wear hijab?
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He was afraid people would stereotype and
persecute her for choosing to wear the hijab. She
has faced persecution before.
Resources:
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Jannah.org http://www.jannah.org/
World Assembly of Muslim Youth http://www.wamy.co.uk/
Discover Islam Online http://www.discover-islam-online.com/
(posters)
PBS Documentaries:
 Islam: Empire of Faith http://www.pbs.org/empires/islam/
 Muhammad: Legacy of a Prophet
http://www.pbs.org/muhammad/
 Muslims (Frontline):
http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/shows/muslims/