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Geometry Line Never ending (NO NOTES) ↔ Line Segment Has two endpoints (NO NOTES) ●▬● Point A place on a line (NO NOTES) ● Plane An area with geometric figures Also called a coordinate plane Ray Consist of an endpoint and a line Used to create angles → Angle Consist of two rays that meet at a vertex (NO NOTES) ∟ Vertex The point that two rays have in common Used to form angles and polygons Acute An angle less than 90 degrees Used to classify angles and triangles Right An angle that measures exactly 90 degrees Used to classify angles and triangles Obtuse An angle that measures greater than 90 degrees but less than 180 degrees Used to classify angles and triangles Triangle Consist of three angles that when added equals 180 degrees A= 45, B = 45, C = 90 A + B + C = 180 45 + 45 + 90 = 180 180 = 180 Quadrilateral Is made of four segments that intersect only at their endpoints Has four vertices that when added equals 360 degrees Congruent Segments Have equal lengths Used to classify polygons Congruent Angles Have equal measures Used to classify polygons Straight Angle An angle that measures exactly 180 degrees A straight line Reflex Angle An angle that measures more than 180 degrees but less than 360 degrees Pay attention to notation (angle symbol) Complementary Angles Two angles that add up to 90 degrees Calculate by subtracting the given angle from 90 Supplementary Angles Two angles that add up to 180 degrees Calculate by subtracting the given angle from 180 Vertical Angles Angles opposite each other when two straight lines cross (NO NOTES) Perpendicular Lines When two lines meet or cross at a right angle (NO NOTES) Parallel Lines Lines that run side by side and never cross (NO NOTES) Transversal Line A third line that crosses two parallel lines (NO NOTES) Equilateral Triangle Has three equal sides and three equal 60 degree angles (NO NOTES) Isosceles Triangle Has two equal sides and two equal angles called base angles, the third angle is called the vertex angle (NO NOTES) Scalene Triangle Has no equal sides and no equal angles (NO NOTES) Right Triangle An isosceles or scalene triangle that has a 90 degree angle (NO NOTES) Similar Triangles Have the same shape but not necessarily the same size Differ only in the lengths of their sides All angles are equal Corresponding Sides Sides or angles that have the same relative position The sides that are opposite the equal angles The corresponding sides can be written as a proportion Square Of a number, is that number multiplied by itself 6 is the base and 2 is the exponent 6 is called the factor 6 x 6 = 36 62 Perfect Square Numbers that have whole numbers as their square roots (NO NOTES) Example: 152 = 225 Square Roots Symbol √ (radical) Think: What number times itself equals this number? Example √25 = 5 Hypotenuse In a right triangle the side opposite the right angle (NO NOTES) Pythagorean Theorem Relationship between the hypotenuse and the two shorter sides Formula – c2 = a2 + b2 Circle Figure with all points the same distance from the center Equals 360 degrees Radius From the center of the circle to the side Symbol – r Equals ½ of the diameter Diameter Distance across the circle, from side to side going through the center Symbol – d Equals two times the radius Circumference The distance around the circle Formulas Radius – C = 2∏r Diameter – C = ∏d Pi Greek letter ∏ Approximate value is 3.14 or 22/7 Area Measure of surface, measured in square units Formulas Rectangle – A=lw Square – A =s2 Triangle – A = 1/2bh Circle – A = ∏r2 A = lw A=6 * 10 A = 60 squared units Volume Measure of the space taken by a solid object measured in volume units (cubic) most common shape is the rectangular solid Formulas Rectangular solid V= lwh Cylinder V = ∏r2h Example l=4, h = 2, w= 1 V=lwh V=4*2*1 V=8 cubic inches Perimeter Distance around a shape Formula Square -- P = 4s Rectangle -- P = 2l + 2w Triangle –- P = s + s + s Example P=4s P=4*4 P=16 inches