Download Buddhism powerpoint 2

By: Kyle Gresh
Brenna Diehl
Ashley Begley
Mike Pronin
Megan McConnell
Origins
• Started around 500 B.C.E.
• Emerged out of Hinduism in India
• Spread throughout central, eastern, and
southeastern Asia
• It questioned the reality of the earthly
world and
proposed the
existence of other
worlds.
Founder of Buddhism
• Siddhartha Gautama – born 563 B.C.E. near
Nepal
• Died in 483 B.C.E. around the age of 80
• He searched for a remedy for sorrow.
• Searching for sorrow, he began meditation.
• On the 49th day of meditation,
he became enlightened in
Bodh Gaya and called himself:
The Buddha
“He Who Has Awakened”
“The Enlightened One”
Spread of Buddhism
200 B.C.E. to 1000 C.E.
• Beginning in India, Buddhism spread as
Buddhist merchants traveled and
explained it to others along the Silk Road
to Iran, Central Asia, China, and
Southeast Asia
• Goes to Japan in
552 C.E. from Korea
• Monasteries
developed along
the silk road and
Buddhism became
the prominent faith.
Texts: Tripitaka- The Three
Baskets
•
•
•
Vinaya- proper conduct of monks and
nuns
Sutta – discussions attributed to the
Buddha
Abhidhamma – Supplementary doctrines
Texts:The Mahayanas“Greater Vehicle”
• Writings associated with
the school of Buddhism
• the Lotus Sutra
• The Buddhist Parable
of the Prodigal Son
Texts: Milindapanha
• Dialogue between Greek
King Milinda and the
Buddhist monk Nagasena
about philosophy of
Buddhism.
Texts: Buddhist Doctrine:
The Dharma
Buddha’s Four Noble Truths
1. Suffering is present in all life.
2. Desire is the cause of
suffering.
3. The elimination of desire will
end suffering.
4. The Eightfold Path brings the
elimination of desire.
The Eight Fold Path
Leads to Nirvana
1.
2.
3.
4.
Right Views
Right Resolve
Right Speech
Right Conduct
5. Right Livelihood
6. Right Effort
7. Right Recollection
8. Right Meditation
Nirvana: Salvation or Paradise
• All Buddhists want to achieve Nirvana.
• A kind of blissful nothingness and peace
• Combining discipline in the mind and
ethical relationships
• Right living could release the
cycle of mortality and pain
• There is no “being”everything is transient
• No immortal soul or god
Sangha :
Worship/Practices
• The order of monks
• Open to all men regardless of caste
• Wore saffron robes and shaved their
heads
• Practiced celibacy and renounced alcohol
• Intellectually and spiritually free
• They studied, disciplined their spirits,
meditated, did physical work
Buddhism in Everyday Life
Beliefs and Values
• No need for material goods.
• Relationships and Responsibilities to one
another are important.
• Practical advice to husbands, wives, friends,
employers, and employees
-Husbands should respect wives
-Wives should be thorough
in their duties
-A man should be generous
to his friend
-Employers should treat their
servants and workers decently
Appeal of Buddhism
• Buddhists did not recognized social distinction
based on caste or jati.
• Used a language that reached a larger audience
• It appealed to members of the
lower classes.
• Buddhists recognized holy sites
that were focal points for devotion.
• Ashoka supported Buddhism.
Supreme Being/Important Figure
The Buddha: Imagined in Art
Picture of Teaching
Buddha from
Sarnath,India (The
Mudra: the hand
gesture here
represents teaching)
Supreme Being/Important Figure
The Buddha: Imagined in Art
• Picture of
Guanyin,
Buddhist deity
from Northern
Song Dynasty.
• (an enlightened
being who
remains in this
world to relieve
human
suffering)
• Spiritual
qualities of both
genders
Symbols of the Buddha
• Lord Buddha was not very comfortable with
accepting images of himself. He never wanted
to be respected as a person, but be known for
His principles and His teachings. The following
symbols of Buddhism are used to signify Lord
Buddha.
• Eight Spoked Wheel
• The Bodhi Tree
• Buddha's Footprints
• An Empty Throne
• A Begging Bowl
• A Lion
Mahayana Buddhism
“the greater vehicle”
• Between 3rd century B.C.E. and 1st
century C.E. the tenets (rules) for
Buddhism changed.
• Sacrifice was no longer required.
• Buddhists began to worship the Buddha.
• Boddhisatvas or enlightened beings
delayed their entry to Nirvana so they
could help others.
• Buddhists could accept gifts in return for a
promise of salvation.
• It had a wider audience and became the
most popular religion in India.
• It taught religious merit from good deeds
could be transferred to others.
Buddhist’s Motto
• “I seek refuge in the Buddha; I seek
refuge in the Doctrine; I seek refuge
in the Sangha.”
Decline of Buddhism
(In India 320-550 C.E.)
•
•
•
•
Declined at the end of the Gupta empire
Rulers chose Hinduism
Too much like Hinduism
Too small a role
for women
The Decline of Buddhism
(In China 840-846 C.E.)
• Muslim forces defeated Chinese in battle of the
Talas River in 751 C.E.
• Chinese power in central Asia was broken
• Only popular in Tibet in later years
• Emperor Wuzong of Tang
destroyed Buddhist monasteries
• Chinese Buddhism
never recovered
Comparing Buddhism to Hinduism
Early Characteristics of Buddhism
1
• People who led simple, non-materialistic lives
and came from all parts of the Ganges valley.
• People who dedicated themselves to
contemplation and meditation
• Self-denial for religious reasons
• Individuals should lead a balanced and
moderate life
• Quiet contemplation, thoughtful reflection, and
disciplined self-control
• This would lead to personal
salvation or Nirvana and
escape the cycle of incarnation
and attainment
Early Characterizations of Buddhism 2
•
•
•
•
Monasteries and Monks
No social distinctions based on caste
Buddhists recognized holy sites, like Bodh Gaya
Converts to Buddhism joined monasteries and
monks preached the Dharma.
• Following Buddha’s death, monasteries had
great social, cultural, and
economic influence.
• Supported by the Mauryan
Dynasty and Ashoka
Buddhism
Timeline
slide 1
563 B.C.E. - Siddhartha Gautama was born
Gautama leaves his wife, family and - 534 B.C.E.
home in search of enlightenment .
528 B.C.E. -
Siddhartha Gautama dies at
the age of 80 years.
260 B.C.E. Buddhism was well established in
India and Ashoka helped to spread it
to Bactria and Ceylon.
Between 3rd century B.C.E
and 1st century C.E
-
Buddha publicly announces his
doctrine and sets forth the Four Nobel
Truths for the first time at Deer Park,
Sarnath, in a sermon called, “Turning
of the Wheel of the Law”.
- 483 B.C.E.
Ashoka adopts Buddhism after
the war against Kalinga
- 3rd Century B.C.E.
Three new developments in Buddhist thoughts.
1. Worshiped the Buddha as divine
2. Boddhisatvas served as examples of
spiritual excellence
3. Buddhist monasteries could accept gifts.
Buddhism
2nd
century B.C.E. -
Buddhism was the most
prominent faith of Silk Road
merchants.
1st
century B.C.E. -
Buddhism declined in India as Gupta
Empire declined. Hinduism favored
Buddhism spreads throughout
much of central Asia
552 C.E.-
Timeline
slide 2
Oasis towns along the silk roads
adopted Buddhism - introduction of
Buddhism to central Asia
- 200 B.C.E. to 1000 C.E.
Buddhism established a foothold
in China. Earliest Buddhists were
foreign merchants.
- 320 - 550 C.E
- 4th century C.E.
Buddhism spreads to Japan
Buddhism
Timeline
slide 3
Chinese began to respond to Buddhism
-5th century C.E.
and it became the most popular religion
throughout all of east Asia.
700 C.E. - Buddhism established in Japan
Wuzong of Tang dynasty in China
Attacked Buddhism
Between 600 and 1000 C.E.-
Muslims invade India and
Buddhism institutions close 21st century Buddhism is 4th most popular religion
With 381,610,979 followers. It is a
Worldwide religion, but mainly in
Asian countries.
- 840-846 C.E.
Buddhists built hundreds of cave
temples in the vicinity of Dunhuang,
western China, and decorated them with
murals, depicting events in the lives of
the Buddha.
-1000 C.E.
Buddhism moves west
- March 2, 2011
Present Characteristics of Buddhism 1
• It is the 4th most popular religion with 381,610,979
followers in 2011.
• Found throughout the world, but still mostly Asia
• The foundations of Buddhist tradition and practice
are the Three Jewels:
• 1. the Buddha (to worship),
2. the Dharma (the teachings),
3. the Sangha (the community).
• Meditation and Yoga
Present Characteristics of Buddhism 2
• Buddhism was split into modified forms
depending on location: Theravada Buddhism,
Mahayana Buddhism, Vajrayana Buddhism
• The Buddha is now divine and worshipped
• Individuals stay on Earth to inspire others
• People could be wealthy and still obtain
salvation by donating to monasteries.
• Three main beliefs• 1. Life is suffering-due to
craving and ignorance
2. Self does not exist
3. All things are impermanent
Buddhism Moves West (21st Century)
• Although Buddhism spread throughout Asia, it
remained unknown in the West until modern times.
• Knowledge of Buddhism has come to the West in 3
ways.
1. Western scholars
2. The work of philosophers, writers and artists and
3. The arrival of Asian immigrants who have brought
various forms of Buddhism with them to Europe,
North America and Australia.
• With the growth of easy travel and communications,
the West has been able to find out more about
Buddhism in this century than anytime before.
Changes
• The major change was the elimination of the
Ascetic Lifestyle.
- You no longer had to give up monetary items
and comforts of the world.
- You could now be wealthy and achieve
salvation.
• Buddhist Monasteries accepted gifts
• Buddhism was split into three different
categories based on geography and strictness.
• Buddhism is worshiped throughout the world.
• Now 4th largest religion in the World.
Reasons for Changes
• It was easier to follow Buddhism because
more people could achieve salvation
whether they were wealthy or not.
• Before only ascetic monks could follow the
strict guidelines of Buddhism.
• Travel and communication has exposed
people to a wider variety of people.
Continuities
• Life is still suffering
• Still believe in Nirvana
• Still use the Dharma; with the Four Noble Truths
and the Noble Eightfold Path.
• Still meditate and contemplate
• Goal is to find peace
• Lead responsible and moral lives.
• Worship the Buddha
• No distinction among classes
Buddhism Most Prevalent Today
Countries Prevalent in Buddhism