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
A Brief Introduction
to Major Religions
in China
Religions
in China
Buddhism
Taoism
Islam
Christianity
Buddhism
Origin
& Founder
Development in China
Major Buddha, Bodhisattvas
in Buddhism
Major Concepts of Buddhism
Sakyamuni ,Founder of Buddhism
The
symbol of
Buddhism
 Time: the 6th century B.C.
 LuoWei Guo Vishnu of India
(迦毗罗卫国).
 Founder: Siddhartha Gautama
of the Sakyas
16 got married (a life of luxury)
19 saw all kinds of sufferings
(sth eternal that will not perish)
29 abandon royal life and start
菩
提
伽
耶
his spiritual quest (asceticism,
exposure to pain, fasting,
starvation---failure)
35 Meditation under the Bodhi
tree, in Bodh Gaya, India
(destroy the fetters of mind;
liberate from the suffering and
rebirth; became an enlightened
being)
 He attracted a band of followers
and taught the path of awakening
he had discovered, traveling throughout
the northeastern part of the India for 45
years.
 80 he died in Kushinagar, India
拘尸那迦
The Development of
Buddhism in China
The White
Horse Temple
67 A.D. Eastern Han
Dynasty
Under the reign of Ming Di
India Buddhist monks
Buddhist scriptures,
statues of Buddha
loaded on the white horse
Zen Buddhism
Da Mo (forefather)
(Southern Dynasties)
 Shaolin Temple
 Meditation
 It places less emphasis on
scriptures

Tang Dynasty
Buddhism reached its
Prime
Xuanzang
(Chinese Buddhist monk,
scholar, traveler and
translator)
eight sects were formed
Eight Major Sects
of Mahayana Buddhism
 The
Tiantai Sect
 The Three Sutra Sect
 The Huayan Sect
 The Zen Sect
 The Pure Land Sect
 The Esoteric Sect
 The Faxiang Sect
 The Vinaya Sect
天台宗
三论宗
华严宗
禅宗
净土宗
密宗
法相宗
律宗
Hinayana Buddhism
(Sri Lanka, Burma, Thailand, Laos, Cambodia
& some ethnic minorities in South China)
Mahayana Buddhism
Vietnam, Japan, Korea, Mongolia
China (Tibetans, Mongolians and Han people)
Major Concepts
 The
Four Noble Truths(四谛，四圣谛)
 The Noble Eightfold Path（八正道）
The First Noble Truth----all life is
suffering（苦谛）
 birth
is suffering; aging is suffering; illness is
suffering; worry, misery, pain, despair are
suffering ; not attaining what one desires is
suffering.
The Second Noble Truth---the origin of
suffering（集谛）
desire, craving, envy
The Third Noble Truth---follows logically
from the Second(灭谛)
Cessation of desire and to overcome selfish
desire (nirvana)
The Fourth Noble Truth--- (道谛)
To follow Noble Eightfold Path to attain
nirvana
Right Knowledge(正见)
 The
right way to view the world;
 The recognition that life is suffering and the
cause of suffering and that suffering can be
overcome;
 Right view occurs when we see things
simply as they are. Take joy in a simple
straight-forward approach to life.
Right Thought (正思维)
To cultivate a mind free from sensuous
desire, ill will and cruelty.
Right Speech(正语)
To avoid lies, idle talk, abuse, slander,
and deceit. Once our intentions are pure--attaining happiness.
Right Behavior(正业)
 Act
or behave in a non-harmful way
 Include five rules: “Do not kill”, “Do not
steal”, “Do not lie”, “Do not be unchaste”,
and “Do not drink intoxicants”.
Right Livelihood(正命)
non-harmful livelihood
Right Effort (正精进)
Make efforts to perfect one’s character (excellence)
Right Mindfulness (正念)
Being aware of the present reality within oneself
without any craving
Right Meditation (正进步/正定)
To
completely concentrate on a single matter
and to achieve the purity of thought
“When
the mind is still, the true nature
of everything is reflected.”
Christianity
God Trinity
 Holy
Father
(the LORD)
(Jehovah)
 Holy Son
(Jesus Christ)
 Holy Spirit
 Catholicism
 Protestantism
Life of Jesus (full of hardships)
preaching, choosing 12
disciples, working miracles,
healing, predicting
Holy Bible
 Old
Testament & New Testament (40 authors)
God and Jews
 History of Hebrews
Abraham, Isaac
Jacob, Joseph
Moses, David
Solomon

Jesus & disciples& believers
deeds/letters written by Paul,
Peter/John
final predictions
(Revelation)
Vocabulary, Proverbs & Idioms
 pigeon
& olive branch; the lost sheep
 scapegoat; as patient as Job
 As curious as Lot’s wife, Joseph’s coat
 Solomon’s judgment; Tower of Babel
 Man proposes, but God disposes
 A cheerful heart is a good medicine, but a
downcast spirit dries up the bones.
Major Concepts
Faith in Jesus ----- Salvation (Living God)
(conquer death/eternal life)
Love Lord and love people as yourself (deeds)
Humble oneself before Lord;
Gratitude & Praying (difficulties)
Follow Lord’s words (studying the Bible)
Promises (peace, joy, grace,
blessings & eternal life)